خيارات البحث
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Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air of Buildings in Nuclear Power Plants, Taiwan
2006
Hsieh, Ling-Ling | Zhang, Zhizhong | Sree, Usha | Lo, Jiunn-Guang
This study investigates the composition and concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air-conditioned office space and low-level waste (LLW) repository sites of nuclear power plants located in Taiwan. Air samples were collected in the office space and technical rooms of administration buildings of the three nuclear power plants and in LLW repository site using canisters. Thirty-six toxic organic compounds including aromatics, CFCs and chlorinated hydrocarbons were identified and quantified using gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The results indicated that the concentrations of most determined species were similar to that in urban areas; however, the air at the LLW building contained abundant trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113), trichloroethylene, toluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene and CFC-12 in concentrations markedly higher than the background levels. Only toluene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene were detected with low concentrations in the air of LLW repository site. In addition, comparison of the ambient air concentration at several major industries and urban atmosphere revealed that the nuclear power plants emitted and/or leaked higher concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons among them.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Temporal and Elevation-Related Variability in Precipitation Chemistry from 1993 to 2002, Eastern Erzgebirge, Germany
2006
Zimmermann, Frank | Matschullat, Jörg | Brüggemann, Erika | Pleßow, Kirsten | Wienhaus, Otto
The Erzgebirge, part of the so-called former “Black Triangle”, used to represent the strongest regional air pollution of Central Europe. To test the hypothesis of deposition enhancement with height, an altitudinal gradient along a N-S transect from the Elbe river lowlands to the Erzgebirge summit was chosen to investigate chemical composition, elevation-related variability, temporal changes, and seasonal patterns of ion concentrations from 1993 to 2002. The following questions were to be answered: (1) Which role does orography play on the composition of precipitation?, (2) Does fog occurrence overrule the orographic influence?, (3) Are there changes in the past 10 years, and if so, why?, (4) Do relevant seasonal changes occur and why? Air streams from westerly and to a lesser degree south-easterly directions prevail. The average precipitation was ion-poor (23 μS cm-¹ and acidic (pH 4.5). Sulphate still was the dominant anion (52.3-59.9 μeq L-¹, while NH⁺ ₄ determined the cations (41.9-62.2 μeq L-¹. Ion concentrations decreased with altitude to about 735 m a.s.l. and subsequently increased. The seeder-feeder effect largely explains the chemical composition of precipitation; enhanced in winter through snow crystals. Sub-cloud scavenging does not explain the observed patterns. Fog occurrence enhanced the observed effects at higher altitudes. Deposition amounts doubled from the lowlands to the Erzgebirge summit. From 1993 to 2002, acidity decreased by about 50%, mainly due to reduced SO₂ -emissions.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution | Climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution : legal commentaries with policy and science considerations
2006
Gillespie, Alexander
"This book offers a principle collection of all of the material necessary to understand the legal debates on climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution within their scientific and policy contexts. | The mountain of information coming out of the respective regimes on climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution is monumental. | This work attempts to assembly all of the important documents and resolutions generated by the various regimes, analyze them and provide enough background information to understand the issue and its context." | "The book provides guidance to those actively involved or interested in the negotiations to come to better regimes for climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution."--Jacket.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]New source review for stationary sources of air pollution
2006