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Do soil and water conservation practices influence crop productivity and household welfare? Evidence from rural Nigeria النص الكامل
2023
Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Motunrayo, Olyeyemi; Awotide, Bola Amoke; Mavrotas, George; Oladapo, Adeyemi
Do soil and water conservation practices influence crop productivity and household welfare? Evidence from rural Nigeria النص الكامل
2023
Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Motunrayo, Olyeyemi; Awotide, Bola Amoke; Mavrotas, George; Oladapo, Adeyemi
PR | IFPRI3; ISI; CRP3.2; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies | Development Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategies | CGIAR Research Program on Maize (MAIZE)
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Do soil and water conservation practices influence crop productivity and household welfare? Evidence from rural Nigeria النص الكامل
2023
Ogunniyi, A.I. | Omotayo, A.O. | Olagunju, K.O. | Motunrayo, O. | Awotide, B.A. | Mavrotas, G. | Aremu, A.O.
One of the most serious challenges threatening agricultural sustainability in Nigeria is land degradation. Although this issue has received little attention, soil and water conservation practices have been identified as a possible pathway out of the potential problems posed by land degradation. Therefore, the central research question that this paper tries to address is the following: Do adoption of soil and water conservation (SWC) practices affect crop productivity and household welfare? This paper uses data collected by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) from maize farmers in rural Nigeria. We usedemploy the propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting adjusted regression model (IPWRA) approach, and the linear regression with endogenous treatment effect (LRETE) model to incorporate the typologies of SWC practices, and tested how the model affects crop productivity and household welfare. Additionally, multinomial logit was used to estimate the factors influencing the decision to adopt single and multiple SWC practices. The estimates show that education, age of the household head, access to credit, experience of drought, soil fertility, and occupational stress contribute to the decision to adopt SWC practices. The casual effect estimates reveal that both single and multiple adoptions of SWC practices had a positive and significant relationship with the crop productivity and welfare of the adopters. The results show that the adoption of combined SWC practices has a higher impact on crop productivity and welfare than single SWC practices. For instance, the adoption of a combination of three SWC practices was found to increase crop productivity and household welfare by 27.55% and 38.23%, respectively versus 13.91% and 15.11% in the case of single SWC practices. The study suggests that profile-raising agenda and efforts that focus on promoting the adoption of combination of SWC practices should be designed and implemented to enhance crop productivity and hence the welfare of the maize farming households in rural Nigeria.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Impacts of extreme weather events on terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycling : A global meta-analysis النص الكامل
2023
Qu, Qing | Xu, Hongwei | Ai, Zemin | Wang, Minggang | Wang, Guoliang | Liu, Guobin | Geissen, Violette | Ritsema, Coen J. | Xue, Sha
Some weather events like drought, increased precipitation, and warming exert substantial impact on the terrestrial C and N cycling. However, it remains largely unclear about the effect of extreme weather events (extreme drought, heavy rainfall, extreme heat, and extreme cold) on terrestrial C and N cycling. This study aims to analyze the responses of pools and fluxes of C and N in plants, soil, and microbes to extreme weather events by conducting a global meta-analysis of 656 pairwise observations. Results showed that extreme weather events (extreme drought, heavy rainfall, and extreme heat) decreased plant biomass and C flux, and extreme drought and heavy rainfall decreased the plant N pool and soil N flux. These results suggest that extreme weather events weaken the C and N cycling process in terrestrial ecosystems. However, this study did not determine the impact of extreme cold on ecosystem C and N cycling. Additional field experiments are needed to reveal the effects of extreme cold on global C and N cycling patterns.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Variance-Based Fusion of VCI and TCI for Efficient Classification of Agriculture Drought Using Landsat Data in the High Atlas (Morocco, North Africa) النص الكامل
2023
Fathallah Fatima Ezzahra, Algouti Ahmed and Algouti Abdellah
Drought assessment using drought indices has been widely carried out for drought monitoring. Remote sensing-based indices use remotely sensed data to map drought conditions in a particular area or region. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to make a study on drought risk based on the calculation of an indicator from biophysical parameters extracted from NOAA/AVHRR satellite data, namely TCI and VCI, to obtain a better understanding of the differentiation between each index, and their application for drought monitoring in the High Atlas of Marrakech on the Chchaoua Morocco watershed during 1980-2020. Landsat oli7 and8 data were used to construct the indices. The result showed that each index proved to be a useful, fast, sufficient, and inexpensive tool for drought monitoring. However, each index has its differences. The TCI was found to be drought sensitive during the dry season or in months when high temperatures occurred. While VCI detected drought more sensitively in the rainy season as well (December-January-February to May) than TCI and VCI. Meanwhile, VCI, including the improved TCI, combined two indicators to better understand drought occurrence. These indices were calculated using GIS, QGis, ArcGis satellite imagery scenes, and Landsat. After a comparative study of these years, from 1984 to 2020, the evolution of the VCI and TCI was highlighted.
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