خيارات البحث
النتائج 1 - 10 من 11
Comparative environmental impacts of glyphosate and conventional herbicides when used with glyphosate-tolerant and non-tolerant crops.
2010
Mamy , Laure (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Gabrielle , Benoit (INRA , Thiverval-Grignon (France). UMR 1091 Environnement et Grandes Cultures) | Barriuso Benito , Enrique (INRA , Thiverval-Grignon (France). UMR 1091 Environnement et Grandes Cultures)
The introduction of glyphosate-tolerant (GT) crops is expected to mitigate the environmental contamination by herbicides because glyphosate is less persistent and toxic than the herbicides used on non-GT crops. Here, we compared the environmental balances of herbicide applications for both crop types in three French field trials. The dynamic of herbicides and their metabolites in soil, groundwater and air was simulated with PRZM model and compared to field measurements. The associated impacts were aggregated with toxicity potentials calculated with the fate and exposure model USES for several environmental endpoints. The impacts of GT systems were lower than those of non-GT systems, but the accumulation in soils of one glyphosate metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid) questions the sustainability of GT systems. The magnitude of the impacts depends on the rates and frequency of glyphosate application being highest for GT maize monoculture and lowest for combination of GT oilseed rape and non-GT sugarbeet crops. The impacts of herbicide applications on glyphosate-tolerant crops could be higher than expected due to the accumulation of a metabolite of glyphosate in soils.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Nitrogen enrichment of European inland and marine waters with special attention to Danish policy measures
1998
Iversen, T.M. | Grant, R. | Nielsen, K. (National Environmental Research Institute (Denmark))
Response of tall fescue, bush bean, and maize to chrome tannery sludge in soils
1984
Wickliff, C. | Volk, V.V. | Tingey, D.T. | Griffis, W.L. | Trunk, M.Y. | Witherow, J.L. (Corvallis Envir. Res. Lab., US Envir. Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR 97333 (USA))
A study of the influence of sewage sludge fertilization on the concentrations of PCDD/F and PCB in soil and milk
1994
McLachlan, M.S. | Hinkel, M. | Reissinger, M. | Hippelein, M. | Kaupp, H. (Ecological Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany))
Effect of industrial dairy processing effluent on soil and crop plants
1984
Ajmal, M. | Khan, M.A. | Nomani, A.A. (Chemistry Section, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001 (India))
[Organic micropollutants in groundwater sources: Purification and use of water [AOX, CHC, BTX]]
1993
Arvin, E.
Quality and utilization of wood from damaged trees
1986
Becker, M. (Freiburg Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Forstpolitik und Raumordnung)
The use of animal waste as a crop fertilizer
1994
Ap Dewi, I. (School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University College of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW (United Kingdom))
Comparative environmental impacts of glyphosate and conventional herbicides when used with glyphosate-tolerant and non-tolerant crops.
2010
Mamy, Laure | Gabrielle, Benoit | Barriuso Benito, Enrique
The introduction of glyphosate-tolerant (GT) crops is expected to mitigate the environmental contamination by herbicides because glyphosate is less persistent and toxic than the herbicides used on non-GT crops. Here, we compared the environmental balances of herbicide applications for both crop types in three French field trials. The dynamic of herbicides and their metabolites in soil, groundwater and air was simulated with PRZM model and compared to field measurements. The associated impacts were aggregated with toxicity potentials calculated with the fate and exposure model USES for several environmental endpoints. The impacts of GT systems were lower than those of non-GT systems, but the accumulation in soils of one glyphosate metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid) questions the sustainability of GT systems. The magnitude of the impacts depends on the rates and frequency of glyphosate application being highest for GT maize monoculture and lowest for combination of GT oilseed rape and non-GT sugarbeet crops. The impacts of herbicide applications on glyphosate-tolerant crops could be higher than expected due to the accumulation of a metabolite of glyphosate in soils.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The growth of planted trees subject to fumes from brickworks
1983
Gilbert, O.L. (Sheffield University, Sheffield (UK))