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النتائج 1 - 7 من 7
Effect of geographical location on species composition, vegetation structure, diversity and phytoindicative characteristics in pine forests
1997
Roo-Zielinska, E. | Solon, J. (Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-818, Warsaw, Twarda 51/55 (Poland))
Critical levels for ozone effects on vegetation in Europe
1997
Fuhrer, J. | Skarby, L. | Ashmore, M.R. (Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture (FAL), Institute of Environmental Protection and Agriculture (IUL) Liebefeld, CH-3003 Bern (Switzerland))
Patterns of soil copper contamination and temporal changes in vegetation in the vicinity of a copper rod rolling factory
1997
Lepp, N.W. | Hartley, J. | Toti, M. | Dickinson, N.M. (School of Biological and Earth Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF (United Kingdom))
Effects of ozone on vegetation
1997
Bastrup-Birk, A. | Mortensen, L.
Ecological effects of combined organic or inorganic pollution on soil microbial activities
1997
Gong, Ping | Sun, Tie-Heng | Beudert, Günter | Hahn, H. H. (Hermann H.)
Combined effects of organic or inorganic pollutants on soil microbial activities were investigated in field plots grown with four types of covering plants. It was derived from this study that combined effects were dependent not only on the type and dose of pollutants, addition of soda lime, plant type and season variation, but also on test parameters. When jointly added, higher doses of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and As caused significant inhibition. Addition of soda lime could even enhance inhibition. Joint effects of phenanthrene, MET (active ingredient: paclobutrazol) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene were not significant, and may be covered by other biotic or abiotic factors. Compared with other two parameters (respiration and microbial biomass), dehydrogenase activity appeared to be more sensitive for evaluating the toxicity of anthropogenic pollutants in soil. Soil samples collected in summer often had higher microbial activities than those in fall. The microbial activity in soil decreased with covering vegetation in the order alfalfa > pine > poplar and maize, albeit some exceptions were observed.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Variations in sulphur and nitrogen foliar concentration of deciduous and conifers vegetation in Slovakia
1997
Maňkovská, Blanka
The foliage contents of Sₜₒₜₐₗ and Nₜₒₜₐₗ were determined in 405 Permanent monitoring plots in four National Parks and sixteen Landscape Protection Areas and were compared with 1483 Permanent monitoring plots on Slovakia. The foliage content of S ranged from 0.72 to 6.77 g kg⁻¹ in hardwoods and from 0.98 to 4.3 g kg⁻¹ in softwoods. A critical increase was determined in one National Park and in four Landscape Protection Areas. The foliage content of N ranged from 9.7 to 48.7 g kg⁻¹ in softwoods, and from 7.8 to 51.4 g kg⁻¹ in hardwoods. An insufficient level of N was determined in one Landscape Protection Area and a critical increase in four Landscape Protection Areas. The sulphur to nitrogen ratio ranged from 0.08 to 0.176 in softwoods, and from 0.078 to 0.253 in hardwoods. The foliage surface on hitherto explored four National Parks and sixteen Landscape Protection Areas in network 4×4 km was covered by all categories of rigid fallout particles. Fly-ash from coal combustion were observed each of National Parks and Landscape Protection Areas by scanning electron microscopy. Mycelia and spore, mineral matters, sand and soil particles were present on all National Parks and Landscape Protection Areas. Particles derived from aluminium production were observed at three Landscape Protection Areas. Particles derived from cement production and from lime works were observed at two National Parks and six Landscape Protection Areas. Particles derived from ferrous metals industry were observed at each of National Parks and Landscape Protection Areas and particles typical for other technologies were present in three of National Parks and twelve Landscape Protection Areas.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Sulphur isotope composition of stream water, moss and humus from eight arctic catchments in the Kola Peninsula region (NW Russia, N Finland, NE Norway)
1997
de Caritat, P. | Krouse, H. R. | Hutcheon, I.
In summer 1994, stream water, moss and humus samples were collected for sulphur isotopic analysis from eight catchments located in the western Kola Peninsula region, where several industrial centres emit high loads of SO₂ and other elements to the atmosphere. Three potential sources of sulphur and their isotopic signatures were identified: (1) marine (δ ³⁴S+20 to +21‰ CDT), (2) anthropogenic emissions (<+10‰), and (3) geogenic (variableδ ³⁴S, mostly <+10‰). Averaged per catchment, the sulphur isotopic composition varies between +6.0 and +16.3‰ for stream water sulphate, +6.0 and +8.4‰ for moss sulphur, and +5.2 and +12.2‰ for humus sulphur. Theδ ³⁴S composition of stream water from the more remote catchments is quite variable, reflecting several natural (geogenic) sources, but it becomes restricted to the range +8 to +10‰ near the pollution sources. A plot ofδ ³⁴S vs. 1:SO₄ in stream water suggests that sulphate originating from the smelters has aδ ³⁴S value ≈+9.5‰, and is a dominant source. Sulphur isotope values for moss and humus are consistent with the deduced composition for the emitted sulphur, though for humus a component of geogenic sulphur incorporated via vegetation uptake may play a role. Further isotopic characterisation of atmospheric emissions, together with environmental samples, is needed to better understand sulphur sources and sinks in the area.
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