خيارات البحث
النتائج 2711 - 2720 من 62,508
Biomarker responses and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mytilus trossulus and Gammarus oceanicus during exposure to crude oil النص الكامل
2020
Turja, Raisa | Sanni, Steinar | Stankeviciute, Milda | Butrimaviciene, Laura | Dévier, Marie-Helene | Budzinski, Helene | Lehtonen, Kari K.
In the brackish water Baltic Sea, oil pollution is an ever-present and significant environmental threat mainly due to the continuously increasing volume of oil transport in the area. In this study, effects of exposure to crude oil on two common Baltic Sea species, the mussel Mytilus trossulus and the amphipod Gammarus oceanicus, were investigated. The species were exposed for various time periods (M. trossulus 4, 7, and 14 days, G. oceanicus 4 and 11 days) to three oil concentrations (0.003, 0.04, and 0.30 mg L−1 based on water measurements, nominally aimed at 0.015, 0.120, and 0.750 mg L−1) obtained by mechanical dispersion (oil droplets). Biological effects of oil exposure were examined using a battery of biomarkers consisting of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system (ADS), lipid peroxidation, phase II detoxification (glutathione S-transferase), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase inhibition), and geno- and cytotoxicity (micronuclei and other nuclear deformities). In mussels, the results on biomarker responses were examined in connection with data on the tissue accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In M. trossulus, during the first 4 days of exposure the accumulation of all PAHs in the two highest exposure concentrations was high and was thereafter reduced significantly. Significant increase in ADS responses was observed in M. trossulus at 4 and 7 days of exposure. At day 14, significantly elevated levels of geno- and cytotoxicity were detected in mussels. In G. oceanicus, the ADS responses followed a similar pattern to those recorded in M. trossulus at day 4; however, in G. oceanicus, the elevated ADS response was still maintained at day 11. Conclusively, the results obtained show marked biomarker responses in both study species under conceivable, environmentally realistic oil-in-seawater concentrations during an oil spill, and in mussels, they are related to the observed tissue accumulation of oil-derived compounds. | publishedVersion
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Different stories told by small and large microplastics in sediment - first report of microplastic concentrations in an urban recipient in Norway النص الكامل
2019
Haave, Marte | Lorenz, Claudia | Primpke, Sebastian | Gerdts, Gunnar
Microplastics (MP) in sediments from discharge sites for wastewater and deposition sites in deep regions in an urban fjord in Norway were extracted by density separation in a Microplastic Sediment Separator with ZnCl2. Particles (>11 μm) were identified using FTIR. Twenty different polymer types were identified, at concentrations from 12,000 to 200,000 particles kg−1 dw. Over 95% of the MP were smaller than 100 μm. High deposition of small MP agreed with known areas for organic deposition. Polyurethane acrylate resins dominated the small MP while polyamide fibers dominated the larger MP. Particles >500 μm showed different maximum concentrations and spatial distribution from the smaller particles. This study is the first to report concentration ranges of identified plastic particles from a Norwegian fjord, down to sizes below the limit of visual identification. The results provides a baseline for future comparison, and point at relevant sizes for environmental risk assessments.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Planted discharge areas: analysis of their implementation in France. First results | ZRV: Analyse de leur développement en France. 1er résultats النص الكامل
2012
Boutin, Catherine | Prost Boucle, S.
In France, the number of PDA quickly increases in order to better protect receiving surface water bodies. Setting up design rules and maintenance guidelines is now urgent. | En France, l'installation de ZRV en vue de protéger davantage le milieu récepteur de surface est désormais fréquente. L'élaboration de règles de dimensionnement et de maintenance est désormais urgente.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Biomarkers responses in muscle of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) from a heavy metals and PAHs polluted estuary. النص الكامل
2012
Oliva Ramírez, Milagrosa | Perales Vargas-Machuca, José Antonio | Gravato, Carlos | Guilhermino, Lucía | Galindo Riaño, María Dolores | Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente
The biochemical responses in muscle, such as the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, were studied in sole (Solea senegalensis) collected in Huelva estuary (SW Spain), in the vicinity of a petrochemical and mining industry. The sampling sites showed different type and degree of pollution. The results demonstrated significant differences in muscle activities of AChE and IDH in Odiel and Tinto Rivers compared to control fish. LDH activity did not show any difference between sampling sites. Significant correlations were established between some biomarkers and heavy metals: AChE was correlated with Pb, Cd and Cu concentrations in water; IDH activity was correlated with Cd and Cu concentrations in water and As, Pb and Cd concentrations in sediments; LDH activity was correlated with As and Zn concentration in water and Cd concentration in sediment. Only one correlation was established between the biomarkers analysed and the concentrations of PAHs: benzo(b)fluoranthene concentration in sediment and IDH.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Implementation of a module for risk of ozone impacts assessment to vegetation in the integrated assessment modelling system for the Iberian peninsula. Evaluation for wheat and holm oak النص الكامل
2012
Andrés Almeida, Juan Manuel de | Borge García, Rafael | Paz Martín, David de la | Lumbreras Martín, Julio | Rodríguez Hurtado, María Encarnación
A module to estimate risks of ozone damage to vegetation has been implemented in the Integrated Assessment Modelling system for the Iberian Peninsula. It was applied to compute three different indexes for wheat and Holm oak; daylight AOT40 (cumulative ozone concentration over 40 ppb), cumulative ozone exposure index according to the Directive 2008/50/EC (AOT40-D) and PODY (Phytotoxic Ozone Dose over a given threshold of Y nmol m−2 s−1). The use of these indexes led to remarkable differences in spatial patterns of relative ozone risks on vegetation. Ozone critical levels were exceeded in most of the modelling domain and soil moisture content was found to have a significant impact on the results. According to the outputs of the model, daylight AOT40 constitutes a more conservative index than the AOT40-D. Additionally, flux-based estimations indicate high risk areas in Portugal for both wheat and Holm oak that are not identified by AOT-based methods.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]New insights in the toxicology and health status of marine marine mammals: Use of free-ranging harbour seals from the Wadden Sea النص الكامل
2011
Das, Krishna | Seibel, Henrike | Hasseilmeier, Ilka | Lehnert, Kristina | Hellwig, Veronika | Dupont, Aurélie | Weijs, Liesbeth | Siebert, Ursula
Neurobehavioural toxicity of a chronic exposure to the airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluorene in adult wistar male rats: a preliminary study about the effects of a 28 day administration using the intraperitoneal or the oral way النص الكامل
2008
Rychen, Guido | Schroeder, Henri
Analytical Measurement and Levelsof Dioxins and PCBs in Biological Samples النص الكامل
2008
Focant, Jean-François | Eppe, Gauthier | De Pauw, Edwin
Baseline study of perfluorochemicals in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Northern Europe النص الكامل
2004
Van de Vijver, Kristin Inneke | Hoff, P. T. | Das, Krishna | Van Dongen, Walter | Esmans, Eddy Louis | Siebert, Ursula | Bouquegneau, Jean-Marie | Blust, Ronny | De Coen, Wim | MARE - Centre Interfacultaire de Recherches en Océanologie - ULiège
peer reviewed | Marie-Curie Fellowship
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Phytoremediation to increase the degradation of PCBS and PCDD/Fs النص الكامل
2002
Campanella, Bruno | Bock, Claudia | Schröder, Peter
peer reviewed
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]