خيارات البحث
النتائج 31 - 40 من 1,546
Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield النص الكامل
2012
Grünhage, Ludger, L. | Pleijel, Hakan, H. | Mills, Gina, G. | Bender, Jürgen, J. | Danielsson, Helena, H. | Lehmann, Yvonne, Y. | Castell, Jean-François, J.-F. | Bethenod, Olivier, O. | Department of Plant Ecology ; Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; University of Gothenburg (GU) | Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH) ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Biodiversity ; Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Swedish Environment Protection Agency; Defra [AQ0810, AQ0816, AQ0601]; LRTAP Convention; NERC; French National Research Agency, ANR
Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield النص الكامل
2012
Grünhage, Ludger, L. | Pleijel, Hakan, H. | Mills, Gina, G. | Bender, Jürgen, J. | Danielsson, Helena, H. | Lehmann, Yvonne, Y. | Castell, Jean-François, J.-F. | Bethenod, Olivier, O. | Department of Plant Ecology ; Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; University of Gothenburg (GU) | Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH) ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Biodiversity ; Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Swedish Environment Protection Agency; Defra [AQ0810, AQ0816, AQ0601]; LRTAP Convention; NERC; French National Research Agency, ANR
Field measurements and open-top chamber experiments using nine current European winter wheat cultivars provided a data set that was used to revise and improve the parameterisation of a stomatal conductance model for wheat, including a revised value for maximum stomatal conductance and new functions for phenology and soil moisture. For the calculation of stomatal conductance for ozone a diffusivity ratio between O(3) and H(2)O in air of 0.663 was applied, based on a critical review of the literature. By applying the improved parameterisation for stomatal conductance, new flux-effect relationships for grain yield, grain mass and protein yield were developed for use in ozone risk assessments including effects on food security. An example of application of the flux model at the local scale in Germany shows that negative effects of ozone on wheat grain yield were likely each year and on protein yield in most years since the mid 1980s.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield النص الكامل
2012
Grünhage, Ludger, L. | Pleijel, Hakan, H. | Mills, Gina, G. | Bender, Jürgen, J. | Danielsson, Helena, H. | Lehmann, Yvonne, Y. | Castell, Jean-François, J.-F. | Bethenod, Olivier, O. | Department of Plant Ecology ; Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg (GU) | Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH) ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Biodiversity ; Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut = Thünen Institute | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Swedish Environment Protection Agency; Defra [AQ0810, AQ0816, AQ0601]; LRTAP Convention; NERC; French National Research Agency, ANR
Field measurements and open-top chamber experiments using nine current European winter wheat cultivars provided a data set that was used to revise and improve the parameterisation of a stomatal conductance model for wheat, including a revised value for maximum stomatal conductance and new functions for phenology and soil moisture. For the calculation of stomatal conductance for ozone a diffusivity ratio between O(3) and H(2)O in air of 0.663 was applied, based on a critical review of the literature. By applying the improved parameterisation for stomatal conductance, new flux-effect relationships for grain yield, grain mass and protein yield were developed for use in ozone risk assessments including effects on food security. An example of application of the flux model at the local scale in Germany shows that negative effects of ozone on wheat grain yield were likely each year and on protein yield in most years since the mid 1980s.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield النص الكامل
2012
Grünhage, Ludger | Pleijel, Håkan | Mills, Gina | Bender, Jürgen | Danielsson, Helena | Lehmann, Yvonne | Castell, Jean-Francois | Bethenod, Olivier
Field measurements and open-top chamber experiments using nine current European winter wheat cultivars provided a data set that was used to revise and improve the parameterisation of a stomatal conductance model for wheat, including a revised value for maximum stomatal conductance and new functions for phenology and soil moisture. For the calculation of stomatal conductance for ozone a diffusivity ratio between O₃ and H₂O in air of 0.663 was applied, based on a critical review of the literature. By applying the improved parameterisation for stomatal conductance, new flux-effect relationships for grain yield, grain mass and protein yield were developed for use in ozone risk assessments including effects on food security. An example of application of the flux model at the local scale in Germany shows that negative effects of ozone on wheat grain yield were likely each year and on protein yield in most years since the mid 1980s.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield النص الكامل
2012
Grünhage, Ludger | Pleijel, Hakan | Mills, Gina | Bender, Jürgen | Danielsson, Helena | Lehmann, Yvonne | Castell, Jean-Francois | Bethenod, Olivier
Planted discharge areas: analysis of their implementation in France. First results | ZRV: Analyse de leur développement en France. 1er résultats النص الكامل
2012
Boutin, Catherine | Prost Boucle, S.
In France, the number of PDA quickly increases in order to better protect receiving surface water bodies. Setting up design rules and maintenance guidelines is now urgent. | En France, l'installation de ZRV en vue de protéger davantage le milieu récepteur de surface est désormais fréquente. L'élaboration de règles de dimensionnement et de maintenance est désormais urgente.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Implementation of a module for risk of ozone impacts assessment to vegetation in the integrated assessment modelling system for the Iberian peninsula. Evaluation for wheat and holm oak النص الكامل
2012
Andrés Almeida, Juan Manuel de | Borge García, Rafael | Paz Martín, David de la | Lumbreras Martín, Julio | Rodríguez Hurtado, María Encarnación
A module to estimate risks of ozone damage to vegetation has been implemented in the Integrated Assessment Modelling system for the Iberian Peninsula. It was applied to compute three different indexes for wheat and Holm oak; daylight AOT40 (cumulative ozone concentration over 40 ppb), cumulative ozone exposure index according to the Directive 2008/50/EC (AOT40-D) and PODY (Phytotoxic Ozone Dose over a given threshold of Y nmol m−2 s−1). The use of these indexes led to remarkable differences in spatial patterns of relative ozone risks on vegetation. Ozone critical levels were exceeded in most of the modelling domain and soil moisture content was found to have a significant impact on the results. According to the outputs of the model, daylight AOT40 constitutes a more conservative index than the AOT40-D. Additionally, flux-based estimations indicate high risk areas in Portugal for both wheat and Holm oak that are not identified by AOT-based methods.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Biomarkers responses in muscle of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) from a heavy metals and PAHs polluted estuary. النص الكامل
2012
Oliva Ramírez, Milagrosa | Perales Vargas-Machuca, José Antonio | Gravato, Carlos | Guilhermino, Lucía | Galindo Riaño, María Dolores | Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente
Biomarkers responses in muscle of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) from a heavy metals and PAHs polluted estuary. النص الكامل
2012
Oliva Ramírez, Milagrosa | Perales Vargas-Machuca, José Antonio | Gravato, Carlos | Guilhermino, Lucía | Galindo Riaño, María Dolores | Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente
The biochemical responses in muscle, such as the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, were studied in sole (Solea senegalensis) collected in Huelva estuary (SW Spain), in the vicinity of a petrochemical and mining industry. The sampling sites showed different type and degree of pollution. The results demonstrated significant differences in muscle activities of AChE and IDH in Odiel and Tinto Rivers compared to control fish. LDH activity did not show any difference between sampling sites. Significant correlations were established between some biomarkers and heavy metals: AChE was correlated with Pb, Cd and Cu concentrations in water; IDH activity was correlated with Cd and Cu concentrations in water and As, Pb and Cd concentrations in sediments; LDH activity was correlated with As and Zn concentration in water and Cd concentration in sediment. Only one correlation was established between the biomarkers analysed and the concentrations of PAHs: benzo(b)fluoranthene concentration in sediment and IDH.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Biomarkers responses in muscle of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) from a heavy metals and PAHs polluted estuary النص الكامل
2012
Oliva, Milagrosa | Perales, José Antonio | Gravato, Carlos | Guilhermino, Lucia | Galindo-Riaño, María Dolores
The biochemical responses in muscle, such as the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, were studied in sole (Solea senegalensis) collected in Huelva estuary (SW Spain), in the vicinity of a petrochemical and mining industry. The sampling sites showed different type and degree of pollution. The results demonstrated significant differences in muscle activities of AChE and IDH in Odiel and Tinto Rivers compared to control fish. LDH activity did not show any difference between sampling sites. Significant correlations were established between some biomarkers and heavy metals: AChE was correlated with Pb, Cd and Cu concentrations in water; IDH activity was correlated with Cd and Cu concentrations in water and As, Pb and Cd concentrations in sediments; LDH activity was correlated with As and Zn concentration in water and Cd concentration in sediment. Only one correlation was established between the biomarkers analysed and the concentrations of PAHs: benzo(b)fluoranthene concentration in sediment and IDH.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Emission factors and detailed chemical characterization of PM and VOCs from 4 in-use petrol and diesel passenger cars النص الكامل
2012
Polo, L. | Goriaux, M. | Jaffrezo, J.L. | Besombes, Jean-Luc | André, M. | Charron, A. | Laboratoire de Radioécologie de Cherbourg-Octeville (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRC) ; Service de recherche sur les transferts et les effets des radionucléides sur les écosystèmes (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE) ; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) | Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) ; Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) ; Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME) ; Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
International audience
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Towards a renewed research agenda in ecotoxicology النص الكامل
2012
Artigas, Joan | Arts, Gertie | Babut, Marc | Caracciolo, Anna Barra | Charles, Sandrine | Chaumot, Arnaud | Combourieu, Bruno | Dahllöf, Ingela | Despréaux, Denis | Ferrari, Benoit | Friberg, Nikolai | Garric, Jeanne | Geffard, Olivier | Gourlay-Francé, Catherine | Hein, Michaela | Hjorth, Morten | Krauss, Martin | de Lange, Hendrika J | Lahr, Joost | Lehtonen, Kari K | Lettieri, Teresa | Liess, Matthias | Lofts, Stephen | Mayer, Philipp | Morin, Soizic | Paschke, Albrecht | Svendsen, Claus | Usseglio-Polatera, Philippe | van den Brink, Nico | Vindimian, Eric | Williams, Richard | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Alterra [Wageningen] (ESS-CC) ; Centre for Water and Climate [Wageningen] | Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives [LBBE] ; Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE] ; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institute of Bioscience ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF) | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | Centre for Environmental Research ; Centre for Environmental Research | Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Rural, Water, and Ecosystem Resources Unit ; European Commission [Brussels] | Centre for Ecology & Hydrology - Bush Estate ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Environmental Sciences ; Aarhus University [Aarhus] | Department of Ecological Chemistry [Leipzig] ; Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | Laboratoire Biodiversité et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes (LBFE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM) | Services généraux (SGMO) ; Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | International audience | New concerns about biodiversity, ecosystem services and human health triggered several new regulations increasing the need for sound ecotoxicological risk assessment. The PEER network aims to share its view on the research issues that this challenges. PEER scientists call for an improved biologically relevant exposure assessment. They promote comprehensive effect assessment at several biological levels. Biological traits should be used for Environmental risk assessment (ERA) as promising tools to better understand relationships between structure and functioning of ecosystems. The use of modern high throughput methods could also enhance the amount of data for a better risk assessment. Improved models coping with multiple stressors or biological levels are necessary to answer for a more scientifically based risk assessment. Those methods must be embedded within life cycle analysis or economical models for efficient regulations. Joint research programmes involving humanities with ecological sciences should be developed for a sound risk management.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Diffuse urban pollution increases metal tolerance of natural heterotrophic biofilms النص الكامل
2012
Fechner, L.C. | Gourlay-Francé, C. | Bourgeault, A. | Tusseau-Vuillemin, M.H. | AgroParisTech | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Laboratoire d’Oéanographie Spatiale [Plouzané] (LOS) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | This study is a first attempt to investigate the impact of urban contamination on metal tolerance of heterotrophic river biofilms using a short-term test based on β-glucosidase activity. Tolerance levels to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb were evaluated for biofilms collected at three sites along an urban gradient in the Seine river (France). Metallic pollution increased along the river, but concentrations remained low compared to environmental quality standards. Biofilm metal tolerance increased downstream from the urban area. Multivariate analysis confirmed the correlation between tolerance and contamination and between multi-metallic and physico-chemical gradients. Therefore, tolerance levels have to be interpreted in relation to the whole chemical and physical characteristics and not solely metal exposure. We conclude that community tolerance is a sensitive biological response to urban pressure and that mixtures of contaminants at levels lower than quality standards might have a significant impact on periphytic communities.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Diffuse urban pollution increases metal tolerance of natural heterotrophic biofilms النص الكامل
2012
Fechner, Lise, C. | Gourlay-Francé, Catherine | Bourgeault, Adeline | Tusseau-Vuillemin, Marie-Hélène | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | AgroParisTech | Laboratoire d'Océanographie Spatiale (LOS) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Diffuse urban pollution increases metal tolerance of natural heterotrophic biofilms النص الكامل
2012
Fechner, Lise, C. | Gourlay-Francé, Catherine | Bourgeault, Adeline | Tusseau-Vuillemin, Marie-Hélène | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | AgroParisTech | Laboratoire d'Océanographie Spatiale (LOS) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | This study is a first attempt to investigate the impact of urban contamination on metal tolerance of heterotrophic river biofilms using a short-term test based on β-glucosidase activity. Tolerance levels to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb were evaluated for biofilms collected at three sites along an urban gradient in the Seine river (France). Metallic pollution increased along the river, but concentrations remained low compared to environmental quality standards. Biofilm metal tolerance increased downstream from the urban area. Multivariate analysis confirmed the correlation between tolerance and contamination and between multi-metallic and physico-chemical gradients. Therefore, tolerance levels have to be interpreted in relation to the whole chemical and physical characteristics and not solely metal exposure. We conclude that community tolerance is a sensitive biological response to urban pressure and that mixtures of contaminants at levels lower than quality standards might have a significant impact on periphytic communities.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Diffuse urban pollution increases metal tolerance of natural heterotrophic biofilms النص الكامل
2012
Fechner, Lise C. | Gourlay-Francé, Catherine | Bourgeault, Adeline | Tusseau-Vuillemin, Marie-Hélène
This study is a first attempt to investigate the impact of urban contamination on metal tolerance of heterotrophic river biofilms using a short-term test based on β-glucosidase activity. Tolerance levels to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb were evaluated for biofilms collected at three sites along an urban gradient in the Seine river (France). Metallic pollution increased along the river, but concentrations remained low compared to environmental quality standards. Biofilm metal tolerance increased downstream from the urban area. Multivariate analysis confirmed the correlation between tolerance and contamination and between multi-metallic and physico-chemical gradients. Therefore, tolerance levels have to be interpreted in relation to the whole chemical and physical characteristics and not solely metal exposure. We conclude that community tolerance is a sensitive biological response to urban pressure and that mixtures of contaminants at levels lower than quality standards might have a significant impact on periphytic communities.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Diffuse urban pollution increases metal tolerance of natural heterotrophic biofilms النص الكامل
2012
Fechner, Lise | Gourlay-france, Catherine | Bourgeault, Adeline | Tusseau-vuillemin, Marie-helene
This study is a first attempt to investigate the impact of urban contamination on metal tolerance of heterotrophic river biofilms using a short-term test based on beta-glucosidase activity. Tolerance levels to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb were evaluated for biofilms collected at three sites along an urban gradient in the Seine river (France). Metallic pollution increased along the river, but concentrations remained low compared to environmental quality standards. Biofilm metal tolerance increased downstream from the urban area. Multivariate analysis confirmed the correlation between tolerance and contamination and between multi-metallic and physico-chemical gradients. Therefore, tolerance levels have to be interpreted in relation to the whole chemical and physical characteristics and not solely metal exposure. We conclude that community tolerance is a sensitive biological response to urban pressure and that mixtures of contaminants at levels lower than quality standards might have a significant impact on periphytic communities. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Embryotoxic and genotoxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on early life stages of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) النص الكامل
2012
Mai, Hong Ngoc | Cachot, J. | Brune, J. | Geffard, Olivier | Belles, A. | Budzinski, H. | Morin, Brice | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
Embryotoxic and genotoxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on early life stages of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) النص الكامل
2012
Mai, Hong Ngoc | Cachot, J. | Brune, J. | Geffard, Olivier | Belles, A. | Budzinski, H. | Morin, Brice | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA | International audience | This study evaluated embryotoxicity and genotoxicity of two dissolved metals copper and cadmium (Cu and Cd) and two pesticides (metolachlor and irgarol) occurring in Arcachon Bay (SW France) in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae and investigated the relationship between those two endpoints. Embryotoxicity was measured by calculating the percentage of abnormal D-shaped larvae and genotoxicity was evaluated with DNA strand breaks using the comet assay. After 24 h exposure, significant increases of the percentage of abnormal D-larvae and the DNA strand breaks were observed from 0.1µg/L for Cu, 10 µg/L for Cd and 0.01 µg/L for both irgarol and metolachlor in comparison with the controls. A strong positive relationship between embryotoxicity and genotoxicity was recorded for Cu, Cd and metolachlor. The current study suggests that copper, irgarol and metolachlor can induce larval abnormalities and DNA damage in a population of exposed oysters at environmentally relevant concentrations.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Embryotoxic and genotoxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on early life stages of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) النص الكامل
2012
Mai Hương, | Cachot, Jérôme | Brune, Justine | Geffard, Oliver | Belles, Angel | Budzinski, Hélène | Morin, Bénédicte
This study evaluated embryotoxicity and genotoxicity of two dissolved metals copper and cadmium (Cu and Cd) and two pesticides (metolachlor and irgarol) occurring in Arcachon Bay (SW France) in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae and investigated the relationship between those two endpoints. Embryotoxicity was measured by calculating the percentage of abnormal D-shaped larvae and genotoxicity was evaluated with DNA strand breaks using the comet assay. After 24h exposure, significant increases of the percentage of abnormal D-larvae and the DNA strand breaks were observed from 0.1μgL⁻¹ for Cu, 10μgL⁻¹ for Cd and 0.01μgL⁻¹ for both irgarol and metolachlor in comparison with the controls. A strong positive relationship between embryotoxicity and genotoxicity was recorded for Cu, Cd and metolachlor. The current study suggests that copper, irgarol and metolachlor can induce larval abnormalities and DNA damage in a population of exposed oysters at environmentally relevant concentrations.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]