The effect of growing conditions, age and stocking density on the amount of deadwood in the pine forest stands of Latvia was analyzed in this research. The material for studies was collected within the framework of the National Forest inventory of Latvia in the period 2004 to 2008. From databases of the National forest inventory the data about 1627 sample plots dominated by pine were selected and analysed. The total amount of deadwood (m3 haE-1) was compared among five forest edaphical rows - forests on dry mineral soils, forests on wet mineral soils, forests on wet peat soils, forests on drained mineral soils and forests on drained peat soils. Deadwood was also analysed in five age groups – young, middle age, premature, mature and over-mature stands, as well as in six groups of stocking density – small-density, sparse-density, middle-density, high-density, full-density and over-density stands. It was found out, that the growing conditions (p = 0.000 is less than α = 0.05), stand age (p = 0.000) and stocking density (p = 0.000) have significant influence on the amount of deadwood in pine forest stands. The highest amount of deadwood is in the pine stands on wet mineral soils – 18.6 ± 2.09 m3 haE-1. With increase of the stand age the amount of deadwood also increases and in the mature pine stands the amount of deadwood is 17.8 ± 1.58 m**3 haE-1. The amount of deadwood in the pine forest stands also increases with stocking density and in the over-density stands it is 21.6 ± 2.50 m**3 haE-1.

The choice of rootstock is the main precondition for establishing of high yielding and sustainable plum orchards. Therefore influence of rootstock on the plum cultivars wintering in Latvia climatic conditions becomes more and more actual. Investigation was carried out with the aim to clarify influence of rootstock on the wintering and health status of plum cultivar 'Victoria'. Investigation was carried out at Pure Horticultural Research Centre during two different wintering seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, in the orchard planted in 2001. The winter of 2008/2009 was characteristic with sharp temperature fluctuations, but winter of 2009/2010 was snowy with stable low temperatures. Sixteen widely used rootstocks known in Europe were included. Plum general tree health status (scored by 1-5 points) and percentage of dead trees were evaluated. No statistically significant differences among rootstocks were established according to the evaluation of tree health status. Differences in wintering ability among rootstocks were stated between two years of investigation. Trees grafted on Brompton seedlings and St. Julien d' Orleans demonstrated the highest winter hardiness (4.3 points). No one dead tree was registered on these two rootstocks. Rootstock GF8/1 was the least suitable for Pure conditions - with general health status scored at 2.3 points after severe winter of 2009/2010, and only 25% of alive trees.

Dead wood is a significant component in forested ecosystems. In Fennoscandia and Baltic countries, set-aside forest areas, also called woodland key habitats (WKHs), have been created for nature conservation purposes in the production forest landscape. We performed a comparative study on dead wood substrate availability in different WKH types in Latvia. We measured standing trunks and downed logs to estimate biological quantities and qualities for coarse woody debris substrate. In this study, we found out that dead wood availability ranges, on average, from 38.2 to 149.5 m**3 haE−1. This study showed that moderate quantity and quality of dead wood has been found in different types, but the fine quality coarse woody debris was scarcely presented. In general, WKHs provide moderate and high level of qualities and quantities of structural features in the production forest landscape.