Inappropriate patterns and drastic changes in land-use have caused the severe environmental crisis. Therefore, it is necessary to accomplish any plan in relation to establishment of different activities with respect to land capabilities and land-use evaluation thought. In this study, ecological capabilities and the site selection of land uses in Babolrood basin, Mazandaran province were evaluated. For this purpose, at first, layers and necessary data were collected and then using GIS and systemic analysis method, the ecological capability for each one of uses such as forestry, agriculture, range management, ecotourist, conservation and urban, rural and industry development were evaluated. After that, based on social - economic studies and ecological capability, the final map of land-use planning for study area was prepared. The results show that 73.28 percent of the area is suitable for forestry land use and 5.53, 13.01, 6.87 and 1.31 percent of the area is suitable for intensive ecotourism, extensive ecotourism, agricultures and conservation purposes, respectively.

The environment impact assessment studies have started with the approval environment impact assessment pattern by sustainable development committee in 1997, but theirs reports are prepared with the different qualities and generally are not comprehensive. Therefore, for considering all aspects of environment, complimentary studis are neccessary. Althoagh many of iran’s dams have environment impact assessment report. they created several problems in their areas. In this study for environment impact assessment of Zablo Dam matrix method was used. Study results have shown that the sum of negative effects are 632 and the negative effects are -524. so that Chahnimeh Four Construction despite of having negative impacts has higher positive impacts on social, economic and biological environment Then Chah nimeh could be implemented.

Cities have hinterlands which depend on various factors such as economic power, population, distance and etc. Tehran megalopolis has also numerous hinterlands .Tehran as the capital city of the country is considered at the top of urban system hierarchy and has a very special place from economic, political, educational and etc. points of view. All these abilities cause a daily stream of people from the towns in the vicinity entering for work and business and returning home at the end of the day as their activities are over. Also thousands of university students and professors commute between Tehran and suburban towns every day. Considering all of these items defines Tehran hinterland. Then the question is that what areas would make Tehran megalopolis hinterland? Because of economics, presentation of services and so on determining Tehran hinterland is of a great importance. This paper shows that towns closer to Tehran are more influenced than other ones. The south, southwest and the west of Tehran are more likely to be affected as for the ease of access, concentration of population and economic activities.

Analyzing spatial planning system in different countries could help make appropriate decisions to improve functional system of planning in our country. Belgium, inspite of its limited area, has a unique planning system which is derived from political and social condition. Belgium has a federal system which is composed of three cultural societies and three economic regions. Spatial planning is in the authority of economic regions and each region has a different planning system. In the article general characteristics of the Belgium, urbanism problems and finally a brief of spatial planning system in the country has been presented. Analyzing spatial planning system in different countries could help make appropriate decisions to improve functional system of planning in our country. Belgium, inspite of its limited area, has a unique planning system which is derived from political and social condition. Belgium has a federal system which is composed of three cultural societies and three economic regions. Spatial planning is in the authority of economic regions and each region has a different planning system. In the article general characteristics of the Belgium, urbanism problems and finally a brief of spatial planning system in the country has been presented.

Spatial planning system of a country is the array of its planning systems. Getting familiar with spatial planning system of different countries and their experiences could help for comparison and accommodation so that making decision and defining appropriate planning system could be done. This article has studied the spatial planning system of Portugal and since there are different factors affecting on the system which are geographical, social, economic, historical and political status, they have been mentioned first and then history of spatial planning and its actual planning with different plans and related rules have been explained. The reasons to select this country are its rapid economic growth and consequently other changes of its spatial planning in recent years.Spatial planning system of a country is the array of its planning systems. Getting familiar with spatial planning system of different countries and their experiences could help for comparison and accommodation so that making decision and defining appropriate planning system could be done. This article has studied the spatial planning system of Portugal and since there are different factors affecting on the system which are geographical, social, economic, historical and political status, they have been mentioned first and then history of spatial planning and its actual planning with different plans and related rules have been explained. The reasons to select this country are its rapid economic growth and consequently other changes of its spatial planning in recent years.

Various industrial processes with a huge variety of products, materials and compounds create different kinds of pollution for human beings, so that the identification of environmental pollutants resulting from industrial units’ activities, especially in water resources seems necessary. The aim of this paper is to estimate the role of industrial units in contaminating water resources, through using pollution index in the effective area on Sabzevar water resources and ranking them according to their level of contamination. The research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical, and the research data is collected using methods of field data collection. In this study, because of the abundant existence of nitrogen pollutants in water resources in the region we tried to use the burden of nitrogen emission to estimate the volume of industrial pollution. The findings showed that pollution brunt resulting from industrial units of the area on nitrogen in 2008 is equal to twenty three tones, in which leather production units, with approximately forty five percent had the greatest role. According to the findings, waste separation plan of industrial wastewater from municipal as well as establishment of refinery networks which operate wastewater collection and treatment separately in industrial units in the range of Sabzevar, industrial zones and other industries in the studied area has been proposed

Land cover mapping is important for many planning and management activities. Today, satellite images and remote sensing techniques are extensively used in all sectors including agriculture and natural resources because they provide updated data and high analyzing abilities. In this study, in order to produce land cover map for the northern part of Hamedan province , digital satellite data IRSP6 ( Awifs time series data) were used. First, satellite image geometric correction with a mean square error of less than 0.48 pixels was applied. For image classification, the method of fuzzy classification was used. Finally, the land cover map of the study region was classified into thirteen classes. To assess the classified land cover map precision it was controlled for ground truths with a GPS. Kappa coefficient and overall classification accuracy of fuzzy classificotion were estimated 86 and 88 percent respectively. The results confirmed that the fuzzy clofifier was capable to generate land cover maps and cultivation‎ pattern‎ with high accuracy.

Gel Sefid village is in Mashayekh village in central part of Ardal city of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. In the research, QuickBird satellite image in Google Earth software was used to introduce the landscape of this village and to recognize the whole human uses and natural spots in the study area. Then the resulting map was transferred to ArcGIS 3.1 software and the area land use map was prepared after necessary processes in the software. In addition to the primary harvested polygons for providing the training samples area, field visit once again was accomplished and all the harvested complications were controlled to estimate the accuracy of the harvested complications. Therefore, all the layers were transferred to GPS and all the harvested complications were controlled by referring to the field. In the next step, to analyze the landscape of the study area, Frag Stats software and NP, CA, PERIM, MNN and SHAPE metrics were used. Results showed that local people have created the different uses in the region during consecutive years. The natural bed of area has been forest that the existence of human-made patches such as village, mining, sand workshops, roads and petrochemical pipes have caused the marginal area to face the critical level of danger and have caused the loss of biodiversity in this region. Therefore, the area preservation with the participation of local people should be the priority of programs to prevent the further damages to the area.

In this research, first was identified suitable regions (considering ecological indexes) for intensive and extensive outdoor recreation and their various degrees using the usual tourism ecological model and applying GIS. Results showed that 297.223 hectares of park area have class 1 of extensive outdoor recreation potential, 86.465223 hectares class 2 of extensive outdoor recreation potential, 1.126 hectares class 1 of intensive outdoor recreation potential and 137.417 hectares class 2 of intensive outdoor recreation potential and 16.212 hectares of park area is protection region. In the next step, with field surveys wefound that one of problems that increases rudeness in park nature is absence of attention to all effective factors of outdoor recreation potential of the park. Thus with refer to field, recorded points of water resources, recreation facilities, access road and tourist attractions using GPS these non-ecologic factors as positive informational layers were mixed with primary outdoor recreation capability map and final outdoor recreation capability map was maed. Final results showed that although the usual method is very efficient, it most, because don't consider all effective factors of recreation and enter other informational layers except ecological factors

This article has tried to achieve a full understanding of Regional goals of creating new towns and expand the concept of regional balance , survey these towns especially Andishe new town to balance the regional employment and residence space. Datas have been gathered from Library research methods, In-depth interviews and Match data with satellite images,after that these datas analysised with Cross-sectional and triangulation methods. The results are expressed: Andishe new town by absorbing part of the overflow crowd of Metropolitan area and providing employment to its residents and Surrounding urban areas for its part as a planned place has had the most influence to balance the regional employment and residence space