Sediments in aquatic systems are often contaminated by various pollutants originating from the sources such as industrial and agricultural discharges, municipal wastewater treatment plants, and storm water. These effects lead to the need to develop sediment quality objectives regarding the protection of aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, the sediment samples were collected from five sampling sites and then analyzed in order to identify the concentrations of certain metals (As, Se, Ag, Cd, Na, and K), the levels of pH, conductivity, water content (%) and organic matter (%) in the Yağlıdere Stream. Finally, Geo-accumulation index values calculated based on the estimations regarding the background trace element concentrations suggested the anthropogenic influences in most of the samples. In conclusion, it was observed that K, Na, As, and Se dominantly accumulated in the study area. These metals may have a negative impact on the research area and create an environmental risk.

Animal manure pollution constitutes a significant environmental issue, particularly in areas with intensive livestock activities. Manure, due to its various pollution loads such as nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, and pathogens, can have adverse effects on soil, water resources, and air quality. Among manure management practices, sustainable methods such as composting, biogas production, and advanced treatment techniques stand out. These methods offer effective solutions for reducing the environmental impact of manure, while also holding the potential to be valued as valuable resources for agriculture and energy production. The growth in the global population along with urbanization has intensified the demand in commerce, industry, and agriculture sectors. This need to satisfy the supply-demand dynamics has led to increased production activities, subsequently giving rise to significant waste management challenges. This review examines the environmental impacts of pollution originating from animal manure, current management strategies, and research developments (R&D) in this field.