Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors causing serious problems in agricultural areas in the world. In this study aimed to determine the salt stress tolerance of local bread wheat genotypes collected from some provinces of Turkey and provided from seed gene banks in our country in early growth stage. In the research, twenty five local bread wheat genotypes and four registered bread wheat cultivars as standard were used as material. Genotypes were subjected to salt stress germination percentage, radicle length, coleoptile length, shoot length, germination index, root fresh and dry weight, were measured. Germination percentage was decreased significantly by 39.1 % in salt application compared to the control. According to the germination percentages, TR 53869, Kate A1 and Pehlivan genotypes were found to be tolerant to salt stress in early growth stage TGB 000543 and TR 63579 were sensitive. Considering all traits investigated, genotype TR 53869 can be considered as a genotype tolerant to salt stress in early growth stage. It is predicted that this genotype can be used in breeding studies for the areas where salt stress is a problem in wheat.

This study was conducted to determine tolerance levels of different radish varieties (white, black, red, little red radish) under salt stress conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on germination and vegetative development. For this purpose; germination percentage (%), germination time (day), germination index calculated, and then number of leaves, shoot length (cm), root length (cm), leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), stem diameter (mm), plant fresh and dry weights (g) were measured. Radish seeds were germinated at control, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM salt concentrations. Salt stress did not inhibit germination at a high level but negatively affected the vegetative growth of plants. According to the results of the statistical analysis of the data obtained, 150 mM was determined as the threshold value. Then, SA was applied to seeds treated with 150 mM salt concentration at different doses (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mM). SA had a positive effect on germination in saline conditions in general and it was concluded that 0.50 mM SA could be applied for germination percentages in all cultivars. However, 1 mM SA inhibited the germination of big red and little red radish cultivars, causing sudden and severe germination losses (10%, 8%, respectively). The effects of SA on vegetative growth parameters differed by cultivar and it was found to be inhibitory in terms of vegetative growth characteristics of white radish cultivar. On the other hand, 0.50 mM SA in black and big red, 0.75 mM SA in little red cultivar gave promoting results for vegetative growth.

Salinity stress is one of the most important and common abiotic stress factors that cause significant physiological and metabolic changes in plants, negatively affecting plant growth and development, and causing decrease in product quality and quantity. The elucidation of the molecular control mechanisms associated with salt stress tolerance is based on the activation and /or inactivation of various stress-related genes. Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) tolerance mechanism under salt stress is of great importance in terms of salt tolerance of the plants. Although this mechanism has been studied for many years, the physiological changes that the plants give as a result of mutation of the genes in the pathway under different levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) during development have not been examined comparatively. In this study, we found that the Arabidopsis thaliana sos1-1 mutant plant showed sensitivity to 10 mM NaCl while the sos3-1 and hkt1-1 mutants showed tolerance. The sos1-1, sos3-1 and hkt1-1 mutants showed increasing sensitivity when NaCl was applied beyon 50 mM of concentration. In addition, plants did not show significant sensitivity for 1 day of stress application, while significant effects were observed in plant root length when exposed to salinity for 3 to 4 days. Col-0, hkt1-1 and sos3-1 roots treated with low levels of NaCl for a short term were positively affected in length. In the light of these results, the amount and duration of salt stress is very critical in Arabidopsis thaliana's responses to the stress and determination of molecular tolerance pathways.

In this study, the effects of different doses of GA3 and Kinetin plant growth agents were investigated in order to alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt (NaCl) stress on common germination and seedling growth of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) seeds. The study was carried out in parallel with coincidence blocks in petri dish and pot. Different doses of NaCl (NaCl solution prepared in 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 and 2,0 dS doses) at different doses in the experiment. Kinetin and Gibberelic acid doses in different doses (Vicia sativa L.) seeds (Control-pure water, 300ppm Gibberellic acid, 50ppm Kinetin, 300ppm Gibberellik acid × 50ppm Kinetin) seed germinated in petri dish. The effects of germination percentage, average germination time, germination value, root and stem length, root age and dry weight, root age and dry weight on GA3 and Kinetin applications were observed. At the end of the research, GA3 and Kinetin applications did not have any effect on germination percentage, shorten germination time, increased germination value, GA3 application increased root and stem elongation Kinetin application had no positive effect, maximum root age and dry weight were obtained from GA3 and control units. The effects of GA3 and Kinetin applications on the properties examined in the study on common vetch seeds were very different. It was determined that GA3 applications increased root and stem length and kinetin application adversely affected.

Bu çalışmada, topraksız tarım koşullarında farklı tuz stresi ve kalsiyum dozlarının domateste verim ve kalite üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada üç farklı tuz dozu (2, 4 ve 6 dS/m) ve dört farklı kalsiyum dozu (0, 50, 100 ve 200 ppm) modifiye edilmiş Hoagland besin solüsyonu ile birlikte bitkilere uygulanmıştır. Standart Hoagland çözeltisi 2 dS/m olarak hazırlanmış ve yüksek tuz konsantrasyonları için (4 ve 6 dS/m) NaCl kullanılmıştır. Yüksek tuzluluk (4 ve 6) pazarlanabilir verimde düşüşe neden olurken, yüksek kalsiyum dozları (100 ve 200 ppm) tuzluluğun verim üzerindeki etkisini önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. En yüksek tuz konsantrasyonunda (6 dS/m) kalsiyumun 100 ppm'den 200 ppm'e yükselmesi pazarlanabilir verimi 122,51 ton/ha'dan 199,74 ton/ha'a çıkarmıştır. Yaprak klorofil içeriği (SPAD) tuz konsantrasyonundan etkilenmezken, artan kalsiyum dozları klorofil içeriğinde artışa neden olmuştur. Özellikle yüksek tuz stresi altında (6 dS/m) kalsiyumun klorofil artışına etkisi daha belirgin olmuştur. Meyvede elektriksel iletkenlik, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı (Brix) ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı tuzluluk arttıkça artarken, pH azalmıştır. Yüksek tuzlulukta kalsiyum arttıkça Brix ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak, besin solüsyonunun tuz konsantrasyonunun yüksek olması pazarlanabilir ve toplam verimde önemli düzeyde düşüşe neden olurken, tuz stresi altında yüksek kalsiyum uygulaması verim kaybını azaltmıştır. Tuz stresi x kalsiyum interaksiyonu meyve kalite parametrelerini önemli düzeyde etkilemiştir.