This research was carried out in the greenhouses of Pamukkale University Menderes Basin Agricultural Application and Research Centre in order to determine the effects of different blossom pruning on yield and quality in Ayza F1 tomato cultivars. The experiment consisted three different applications; pruning group having 6 fruits in flower bunch, pruning group having 7 fruits in flower bunch and control group without pruning. As the quality criterion in the tomato cultivar, total amount of water soluble dry matter (TWSDM %), pH, titratable acidity (TA mval 100 ml-1), hardness of fruit flesh (Newton) and antioxidant content (%) were determined. In addition, fruit diameter (cm), fruit length (mm) and weight (g) were detected. Yield parameters such as total yield (g plant-1), marketable yield (g plant-1), number of fruits (number plant-1), average fruit weight (g fruit-1) were considered detailed. Flower pruning having 6 fruits was prominent in terms of marketable yield, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length and dry matter (DM) values. The effects of the applications on the quality characteristics such as fruit index, TWSDM and pH were found to be insignificant and their effects on DM, TA, fruit flesh hardness and antioxidant amount were detected to be significant.

In this study, the effects of different doses of GA3 and Kinetin plant growth agents were investigated in order to alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt (NaCl) stress on common germination and seedling growth of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) seeds. The study was carried out in parallel with coincidence blocks in petri dish and pot. Different doses of NaCl (NaCl solution prepared in 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 and 2,0 dS doses) at different doses in the experiment. Kinetin and Gibberelic acid doses in different doses (Vicia sativa L.) seeds (Control-pure water, 300ppm Gibberellic acid, 50ppm Kinetin, 300ppm Gibberellik acid × 50ppm Kinetin) seed germinated in petri dish. The effects of germination percentage, average germination time, germination value, root and stem length, root age and dry weight, root age and dry weight on GA3 and Kinetin applications were observed. At the end of the research, GA3 and Kinetin applications did not have any effect on germination percentage, shorten germination time, increased germination value, GA3 application increased root and stem elongation Kinetin application had no positive effect, maximum root age and dry weight were obtained from GA3 and control units. The effects of GA3 and Kinetin applications on the properties examined in the study on common vetch seeds were very different. It was determined that GA3 applications increased root and stem length and kinetin application adversely affected.

Bacterial pathogens are isolated, identified and antibiogram were performed by taking the skin, gills and intestine of twenty randomly selected Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) that collected from local market of the Dinajpur city, Bangladesh. A serial dilution was prepared with the stated sample and at the amount of 0.1 ml was plated on nutrient agar, differential also specific media respectively. Then gram’s staining, colony morphology, biochemical test and antibiogram performed respectively. The four different isolated species with frequency of occurrence are 31(40.26%) Escherichia coli, 3 (29.87%) Staphylococcus spp., 13 (16.88%) Pseudomonas spp., 10 (12.99%) Salmonella spp. respectively. Some of these pathogens have tendency to transmit to man, who eat fish or deal with fish and fish products. Amoxicillin, Cefixime, Azithromycin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Penicillin G, Erythromycin, Vancomycin, Gentamicin and Neomycin antibiotics was performed during sensitivity test. Among the total (77) isolated bacteria were sensitive to gentamycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and Azithromycin but resistant to Amoxicillin, Penicillin G, Vancomycin and Erythromycin. The study was conducted in term of medical importance. Hence it is considered that a variety of bacterial species can be associated with fresh Tilapia fish related pathogen to humans.

Food waste and loss is an ecological, economic and social problem. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization states that approximately one third of all edible foods produced for human consumption are wasted or lost after harvest. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting food waste behavior of consumers. In order to reach this aim, a questionnaire was conducted with 583 people in November and December of 2018 in Çorum province. The obtained data were analyzed and explained through Structural Equation Models. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a 5-factor structure explaining 76,612% of the total variance was obtained. These factors were named as norm, intention, result awareness, purchasing behavior and planning. These factors were found to have validity, reliability and internal consistency. In addition, it was investigated whether the factors were compatible with the fit indices by means of Confirmatory Factor Analysis. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined that the obtained factors met the fit indices values. As a result of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, it was determined that the obtained factors met the fit index values. The effect of the factors on the relationship between each other and the waste behavior were measured by means of the path analysis. As a result of this study, although consumers have positive statements regarding consequence awareness, intent and norms, they have been determined to be unstable in planning and purchasing. Besides, although there was a direct effect of intent and result awareness on waste behavior, it was determined that planning and norms had indirect effects. Considering that the intention is the most influential factor on waste behavior, it should be focused on the activities that will create result awareness in society.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fertigasyon uygulamalarında farklı gübreleme zamanlarının (her sulamada gübre: H.S.G., her ikinci sulamada gübre: H.İ.S.G., her üçüncü sulamada gübre: H.Ü.S.G.) ve mikoriza uygulamalarının biber bitkisinin verimine ve besin elementleri alımına olan etkilerini araştırmaktır. Araştırma Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü’ne ait araştırma ve deneme alanında, tarla koşullarında, iki yıl süreyle ve üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada fertigasyon uygulaması geleneksel yöntem ile karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmış, test bitkisi olarak biber ve mikoriza türü olarak Glomus caledonium kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada biber bitkisinin verimi ile yaprakların azot (N), fosfor (P), potasyum (K), demir (Fe), çinko (Zn), mangan (Mn) ve bakır (Cu) konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, birinci yılda en yüksek verimin fosfor uygulanmış ve mikoriza aşılanmış her ikinci sulamada gübre uygulamasından elde edildiğini ortaya koymuştur (2809 kg/da). İkinci yılda ise, 2113 kg/da ile fosfor uygulanmayan mikoriza aşılanmış bitkilerde her sulamada gübre uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, her sulamada gübre uygulaması diğer uygulamalarla karşılaştırıldığında, biber bitkisinin P konsantrasyonunu önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Araştırmada genel olarak, mikoriza aşılanmış bitkilerin aşılanmamış bitkilerden daha yüksek verim ve besin elementi alımına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of solid and liquid vermicompost on yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant. The study was carried out with three replications according to the experimental pattern of randomized plots in the plastic pots with the capacity of 3 kg under the greenhouse conditions of Plant and Animal Production Department of Cumhuriyet University. In the study, chemical fertilization was applied for comparison with solid and liquid vermicompost. Vermicompost doses were applied as 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. In the study, tomato yield and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) concentrations were determined. The results have shown that 10% solid vermicompost increased dry matter production of tomato plant with 8,92 g pot-1. This application was followed with 7,04 g pot-1 dry matter production in 20% solid vermicompost application. The highest increase in P (0,27% P) and K (9,01%) concentration of tomato plant was determined in 40% solid vermicompost. However, the highest N concentration was determined with chemical fertilization (4,06%). Generally, it was determined that the solid vermicompost higher effect on the yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant than liquid vermicompost.

Domuz ayrığı (Dactylis glomerata L.) yaygın olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan, ekonomik açıdan önemli çok yıllık bir buğdaygil yem bitkisidir. Bu araştırma, Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü yem bitkileri ıslah programı kapsamında geliştirilen elit domuz ayrığı klonlarının akrabalık derecelerini ve genetik çeşitliliğini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 32 genotip ve 24 SSR primeri kullanılmıştır. Moleküler analiz sonucunda SSR primerleri toplamda 126 allel üretmiştir. Allel sayısı 3 ila 7 arasında değişmiş ve lokus başına düşen ortalama allel sayısı 5,25 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen allel büyüklükleri ise 101 bp ile 354 bp arasında değişmiş ve polimorfizm oranı her primer için %100 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bireyler arasında uzaklık derecesi Jaccard genetik uzaklık katsayısı kullanılarak elde edilmiş ve 0,21 ile 0,84 arasında değişmiş ve genetik çeşitlilik seviyesi yüksek bulunmuştur. Genotiplerden elde edilen 126 allelin 28’nin nadir alleller olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Jaccard genetik uzaklık katsayısı kullanılarak yapılan neighbor-joining analizi sonucunda oluşturulan dendrogram 3 ana gruba ayrılmıştır. A grubu en büyük grubu oluşturmuş ve bünyesinde 15 genotip barındırmıştır. B grubu orijini aynı bölge olan 13 genotiple ikinci büyük grubu oluşturmuştur. C grubu ise en küçük grup olup orijini Türkiye’nin kuzeyi olan genotipleri barındırmıştır. Moleküler analizler domuz ayrığı genotiplerinin önemli derecede genetik varyasyon taşıdığı ve ıslah programı için değerli kaynaklar olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak, SSR tekniğinin domuz ayrığı genotiplerini moleküler olarak tanımlamada oldukça uygun ve etkili bir teknik olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Bu çalışmada, farklı çözündürme yöntemlerinin, dondurulmuş midye ve karides örneklerinin mikrobiyal, fiziksel ve duyusal kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çözündürme işlemi, buzdolabında (B4: 4±1ºC), oda sıcaklığında (O22: 22±1ºC), ılık suda (I30: 30±1ºC) ve sıcak suda (S55: 55±1ºC) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplam mezofilik bakteri sayısı, her iki örnekte de en düşük B4 (2,74 log KOB/g) ve S55 (3,35 log KOB/g) yöntemleri ile çözündürülen gruplarda tespit edilirken, en yüksek I30 grubunda bulunmuştur. Öte yandan en yüksek değerler ise her iki gıda örneğinde de I30 grubunda bulunmuştur. Psikrofilik bakteri sayısı ise, en düşük S55 ile çözündürülen grupta tespit edilmiştir. Renk analizi sonuçlarına göre, en düşük L* değeri her iki örneğin I30 gruplarında bulunurken, oksidasyon ile ilişkilendirilen b* değeri ise en yüksek, midye örneklerinde O22 ve karides örneklerinde ise B4 grubunda tespit edilmiştir. En düşük su aktivitesi değeri midye örneğinde B4 grubunda bulunurken, karides örneğinde 022 grubunda tespit edilmiştir. Duyusal analiz sonuçlarına göre; buzdolabında çözündürülen her iki örneğin genel kabul edilebilirlik puanı en yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, kalite parametrelerinin tamamı değerlendirildiğinde her iki grupta da, buzdolabında ve sıcak suda çözündürmenin en iyi yöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of solid-state fermentation on the nutritional composition of cottonseed meal (CSM), sunflower meal (SFM) and hazelnut kernel meal (HKM). In this study, each feedstuff was divided into two treatment groups (unfermented and fermented) with five replicates. Nutritional changes in the feedstuffs were determined by analyzing crude protein, ether extract, ash, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber contents. Solid-state fermentation had effects on the nutritional composition in all feedstuffs. The best improvement in nutritional quality was obtained from the HKM with increasing the crude protein and decreasing the structural carbohydrates content. Fermented HKM can be considered as an alternative protein feed for soybean meal considering the nutritional composition.