This study aimed to compare the dietary supplementation of oleuropein (O) and α-tocopherol acetate (TA) alone or with organic selenium (Se) on liver antioxidant status and some plasma biochemistry parameters in Japanese quails reared under heat stress (HS). A total of 800, two-weeks old quails were kept in wire cages in the temperature-controlled rooms at either 22°C or 34°C for 8 h/d and fed on a basal diet (NC) or the diets supplemented with TA (TA200) or O (O200) at 200 mg/kg alone or with OSe (TA200+OSe and O200+OSe) to the NC diet. HS decreased the total antioxidant status (TAS) and increased the total oxidative stress (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) of liver compared to thermoneutral temperature (TN). The TA200, O200, TA200+OSe and O200+OSe diets increased TAS and decreased TOS of liver compared to those of quails fed NC. OSI was decreased by the TA200, O200 and TA200+OSe diets compared to NC and O200+OSe diets. HS reduced plasma albumin (A) and total protein (TP) concentrations, on the other hand, increased plasma glucose (G), total cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to TN. The TA200, O200, TA200+OSe and O200+OSe diets reduced plasma total CHO and TG levels and increased plasma A level. The TA200 and TA200+OSe diets reduced plasma G level and increased plasma TP levels compared to those of quails fed the other diets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of vitamin E and oleuropein alone or with organic selenium is necessary to remove the negative effects of heat stress on liver antioxidant status and some plasma parameters of quails.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Bayvarol®, Fumidil-B®, Neo-Terramycin® on adult honeybee lifespan. Total twenty honeybee colonies were used and randomly divided into four groups (each group consisted of five colonies). Experimental groups: Bayvarol ®, Fumidil-B® and Neo-Terramycin® were treated to first, second and third groups, respectively. No treatment was done to forth group taken as control group. A hundred one day old worker bees were taken from each group and marked with different colors and numbered on the thorax. After the marked, all worker bees were given into the observation hive. Marked worker bees were controlled and counted daily. Statistical analysis of data was done by variance analysis method and between groups comparisons were done with Duncan's multiple range tests. Average lifespans of the first, second, third and control groups were 44.97±4.90, 46.86±6.56, 45.38±6.12 and 47.72±6.06 days, respectively. There were found statistically significant differences among average lifespan of first, second, third and control groups. This study showed that some drugs used to treat diseases and pests reasoned a negative effect on the lifespan of honeybees.

The 21st century sustainable city requires the merging of urbanism with sustainable food systems. The challenges industrial food system separates people from their food sources. The design strategies for edible landscape are about re-inviting food back into the city and re-connecting people with their local/regional food system to promote a healthier lifestyle. Edible landscapes are a movement in transition and sprouting up as a response to the slow food movement and living a greener lifestyle. These urban agricultural landscapes are fast becoming iconic media darlings and are demonstrating that they are far more than growing vegetables and fruits on abandoned lots. Edible landscaping is the use of food plants as design features in a landscape. These plants are used both for aesthetic value as well as consumption. Edible landscapes encompass a variety of garden types and scales but do not include food items produced for sale. Edible landscaping is the practical integration of food plants within an ornamental or decorative setting. Using edibles in landscape design can enhance a garden by providing a unique ornamental component with additional health, aesthetic, and economic benefits. In this study; emergence of edible landscape, edible landscape design and maintenance, samples of edible landscape, productive plants, importance of edible landscaping for urban environments have been explained.

Bu çalışmada alıç meyvesi sıcaklık kontrollü bir mikrodalga kurutucuda kurutularak kuruma süresi, renk değeri ve ürünün kuruma eğrilerini en iyi tahmin eden matematiksel model belirlenmiştir. Ürünler tasarlanan sıcaklık kontrollü mikrodalga kurutucuda 50, 60 ve 70ºC sıcaklıklarda kurutulmuştur. Kuruma süreleri 50, 60 ve 70ºC kurutma sıcaklıkları için sırasıyla 129, 66, ve 45 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. En kısa kuruma süresi 70ºC kurutma sıcaklığında olurken en uzun kuruma ise 50ºC kurutma sıcaklığında olmuştur. Kuruma eğrilerini tahmin etmek için ince tabakalı kurutma modellerinden Yağcıoğlu, Midilli- Küçük ve Page matematiksel modelleri kullanılmıştır. Kuruma eğrilerini en iyi tahmin eden matematiksel modelin Midilli-Küçük modeli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca taze ve kurutulmuş alıç meyvesinin kalite kriteri olarak renk değerleri araştırılmıştır. L parlaklık ve a kırmızılık renk değerleri açısından her üç kurutma sıcaklığında da kurutulan ürünler ile taze ürün arasında istatistiki açıdan bir farklılık oluşmuştur. b sarılık değeri açısından ise istatistiki olarak 50 ve 70ºC sıcaklıkta kurutulan örneklerle taze ürün arasında bir farklılık oluşmamıştır. Taze ürünlere ait hesaplanarak belirlenen kroma, hue açısı ve esmerleşme değerleri ile kurutulan ürünlere ait kroma ve esmerleşme değerleri arasında ise rakamsal olarak büyük bir farklılık yoktur. Ancak taze ürünün kroma ve kahverengilik değerlerine en yakın değerler 70ºC kurutma sıcaklığında yapılan kurutma işleminde belirlenmiştir.

In broiler production which is based on fast and high live weight gains, it is important to provide nutrient and energy needs for the birds. Due to some problems in conventional feed materials that used to provide for these needs, alternative feed materials are required. Insects which in the chickens natural diets, are promising for this purpose. Among the most studied species as an alternative protein feed source, soldier fly (Hermetica illucens), housefly (Musca domestica), meadow grasshopper (Gryllus testaceus), silkworm (Bombyx mori), grasshopper (Acrididae) and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor).

Due to its importance for organic agriculture, one of the most important agricultural production systems, various sources have been proposed to increase soil organic matter content. Vermicompost is one of those sources known as the resistant last form of farmyard manure which is degraded by earthworms. Soil organic matter or humus and their compounds are nutrient sources that increase physical, chemical and biological quality of soil. Humus and humus compounds improve soil physical, chemical and biological quality parameters increasing rhizosphere aeration and water holding capacity, rehabilitating soil structure, providing plant nutrients and constituting natural media for microorganisms with their regulative effects on soil reactions. In this study, the effects of vermicompost on yield and some growth parameters of lettuce were investigated. For this purpose, a random block designed experiment with 5 different applications was conducted in 3 replicates. The applications were control, vermicompost applications of 100 kg, 200 kg and 300 kg per decare and conventional fertilization. According to the results obtained, yield and growth parameters were improved by vermicompost application when compared to control and conventional fertilization. As a result of this study, it was concluded that 300 kg vermicompost/da is a promising application in lettuce production for optimal yield and soil improvement.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of lycopene in alleviating the toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP) on haematological parameters in carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish (totally 140 fish) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.202 and 0.404 μg/L) of CYP, and lycopene (10 mg per kg of fish weight) was simultaneously administered. At the end of 28 days administration, blood samples were collected and haematological changes (red and white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit level, and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) were determined. According to the data obtained, CYP was determined to lead to negative alterations in the haematological parameters investigated. The administration of lycopene alleviated this effect.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the approaches of primary school students’ parents participating in the school milk programme in the Isparta province. The data obtained by the questionnaire method were used from 359 students’ parents who were included in the school milk programme. The families were divided into four groups according to the household income. It was determined that the families consumed more pasteurized milk. The average age of the interviewed individuals was 37.14 years. About 36.21% of the parents were high school graduates. 53.48% of them spend money on milk less than 50 TL. Household size was 4.05 persons. 21.84% of them consume milk hot. The attitude of the parents to the school milk programme was generally positive (82.17%). The school milk programme was believed to be a habit of consuming milk. It was found that 33.33% of the surveyed parents were negative about the school milk programme because they did not trust the content of the milk distributed. In the study, 49.30% of the parents thought that the school milk programme increased the milk consumption habits of the children and 67.97% thought that there was not more supply of milk distributed. For the purpose of implementing the school milk programme, 48.75% of the families had a judge to love the milk and make milk drinking habit. The majority of the families (62.40%) were preferred daily milk in the products distributed and 44% believed that drinking milk was subjected to nutritional analysis. It is suggested that the Ministry of National Education and the Ministry of Health should inform families about the benefits of milk and school milk programme.