Agricultural production is one of the leading sectors in the world and in our country in terms of employment rates. Agricultural production activities, the importance of which is increasing day by day due to the increasing world population, is an important strategic element for every country. The economy of many countries, including our country, still depends on the products they obtain because of agricultural production. Appropriate agricultural policies should be implemented to increase the productivity in agricultural production, to protect the employed workforce and to ensure its continuity. In addition to establishing appropriate agricultural policies, employed workers should also be protected by laws, regulations and directives. It is a fact that most of the people employed in agricultural production in our country must work under dangerous and harsh conditions without being under legal protection, without union formation and union rights, as in other sectors. Protecting the health of agricultural production workers working under very difficult conditions due to variable climatic conditions, ensuring safe production and ensuring that the necessary Occupational Health and Safety measures are taken should be among the priority items when forming our state’s policies. In this study, the situation in the world and in our country was examined under the title of occupational health and safety in agricultural production. The hazards and risk factors to be encountered in agricultural production have been determined and the Occupational Health and Safety measures to be taken against them have been tried to be explained.

Urban green spaces are areas established to meet the recreational needs of urban people. Although green spaces vary from country to country and region in terms of plan and design features, they were basically created to allow people to meet with nature. Parks are the basic components of urban landscapes that provide environmental and social functional value. Urban parks, in particular, provide spaces for outdoor physical activities. In order to take advantage of the opportunities of activities in the parks, users must have convenient access to these resources. One of the most important aspects for researching the use and potential benefits of urban green spaces is the assessment of their geographic accessibility. The widespread use of smart city systems and the gradual expansion of their usage areas increase the importance of spatial analysis. Spatial analyses are used in today’s urban management in the processes of determining social needs, identifying current problems, and putting forward solutions. When spatial analyses are used together with GIS, the field of application develops even more, and it supports local governments in responding to the changing demands of the society for a better life. In the study, the adequacy and accessibility of 160 city parks in Konyaaltı District of Antalya Province were examined. In terms of the adequacy of the parks, the area value of 10 m2 per person determined with the Construction Plan numbered 3194 was taken as basis. In terms of accessibility, distance values of 200, 400, 800, 1,200 meters were examined. Neighborhood boundaries and population information were obtained from the relevant units, and Arc-GIS software was used in the analysis. It was determined that the parks in Konyaaltı district were insufficient in terms of adequacy and accessibility. Finally, suggestions were made in terms of increasing the adequacy of the parks and ensuring accessibility.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of two different cage systems (enriched and conventional) and low and high stocking densities on performance, egg quality and egg shell microorganisms. In study, two different genotypes were used to native (Atak-S) and foreign (Lohmann) hens occurred of 864 hens used. As the cage system, the battery type was used in the conventional system and the enriched cage type was used in the alternative system. The results indicated that genotype and cage system significantly affected egg production and egg mass in the laying period (18-76 weeks). It was determined that Lohmann genotype and conventional cages had significantly higher egg production and egg mass in this period. It was seen that hens consumed significantly higher feed in enriched cages than in conventional cages, and were significantly better feed conversion ratio in low stocking density compared to high stocking density. The effects of genotype and cages system on the quality characteristics of eggs were found to be significant, and it was determined quality characteristics of Lohmann eggs were better (especially eggshell quality. In addition, it was understood that the internal quality of the eggs in the conventional cages and the external quality characteristics of the eggs in the enriched system were positively affected. The total numbers of microorganisms were determined to be higher on shell of eggs from enriched cages than conventional cages. The total numbers of microorganisms were higher in enriched cage eggs compared to conventional cage eggs. However, stocking density was not a significant effect on the microbial load of the eggshell.

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were preferred to grow in aquaponics due to their high and fast productivity growth. However, limited research was conducted on the impact on different inorganic substrates’ growth performance in aquaponics. In this study, lettuce’s growth performance was determined in four different kinds of inorganic substrates in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) aquaponics by measuring final weight, daily growth rate, stem diameter, plant and root lengths, leaf number per plant and shoot/root ratio. Polyester fiber, rock wool, zeolite, and gravel were used as inorganic substrate materials. A constant flow rate of 0.3 L/min was maintained using with a submersible pump motor. At the end of the study, the African catfish’s feed conversion ratio was estimated to be 0.66, while the specific growth rate (SGR) was 2.3%. Total lettuce yields for polyester fiber, rock wool, zeolite and gravel were obtained as 5.072,22 kg/m2, 4.934,03 kg/m2, 6.067 kg/m2, and 5.382,64 kg/m2 respectively. There were statistically significant differences for daily growth rate between the inorganic substrates that the significantly highest values were recorded in the zeolite. The results revealed that initial plant length and shoot/root ratio were the significant factors on the growth performance for lettuce in aquaponic system tested. The best lettuce yield performance was observed in zeolite substrate but, economically available option was found as gravel for hydroponic troughs.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined effects of apricot kernel oil (Prunus armeniaca L.) on the immune mechanisms. After Fish weight 40 ±0,03 g was intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection 1% and 10% apricot kernel oil (AKO), blood was taken from the caudal vein of anesthetized (50 ppm, benzocaine) fish. Myeloperoxidase production (MPO), Serum bactericidal activity, protein levels, Lysozyme response (LYS) and total immunoglobulin (Ig) were determined on days 3, 7, 14 and 21. The same strategy was conducted on a control bunch. No contrasts were found within the levels of immunuglobulin between the control and test groups. However, there were considerable increases in bactericidal activity, MPO, LYS, protein levels and important differences were detected between the control and experimental groups. AKO can be utilized to improve the resistant instruments of rainbow trout.

Çalışmada Ildır Körfezi, Çeşme (Ege Denizi)’nin üç farklı bölgesinden Mart-Nisan 2018 tarihlerinde ticari trol teknesi ile elde edilen Echelus myrus (Linnaeus, 1758) bireylerinin üreme özellikleri incelenmiştir. Örneklerde boy ve ağırlık değerleri sırasıyla; 55,5-97,0 (70,63±12,85) cm, 180,84-420,83 (276,50±70,50) g’dır. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W=0.2936L1.61 (R2=0,96)’dir. Fekondite; 25563-55016 (41811±9416) oosit olarak tespit edilmiş olup total boy-fekondite arasında F=658.54L-5603.9 (R2=0,86) şeklinde doğrusal bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Oosit çapları; 0,84-1,09 mm (0,95±0,06) olarak tespit edilmiştir.

In July 2017, three specimens of an alien fish species were caught by the amateur fishermen in Kızılırmak River at Sivas city center. One of the fish specimens was taken from the fishermen for ichthyologic examination. The morphological, metric (23 features) and meristic characters (13 features) of this specimen were determined. The alien fish is with ovoid shape and flattened laterally. Mouth is in a sub-ventral position. The tooth row is double. Teeth formula are 3,2 / 2,3 (at first row on maxil) and 2 / 2 (at second row on maxil), 3,3 / 3,4 (at first row on mandibul), 1,1 (at second row on mandibul). The number of rakers on the first gill arch is 33. The scale numbers in line lateral are 107 (on right side) and 103 (on left side). The number of branched rays of dorsal, anal, pectoral, and ventral fins are 14, 24, 14, and 7; respectively. As a result of the evaluation of morphological, metric and meristic characters, it was decided that the alien fish caught from Kızılırmak was Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) belonging to the Characidae family. This species is also called as the small-scaled pacu. P. mesopotamicus is not among to native fish fauna of Kızılırmak. It is a fish species which originated from South America and is a tropical freshwater fish. These alien fish specimens which were caught by the amateur fishermen, probably translocated from a hobbyist aquarium to this aquatic system. Both directly and indirectly, invasive fishes affect a wide range of native organisms from zooplankton to mammals across multiple levels of biological organizations ranging from the genome to the ecosystem. This study is the first scientific record for Sivas aquatic systems related to alien fish species.

Catalase from the thermophilic fungus Mycothermus thermophilus is a bifunctional enzyme with a secondary phenol oxidase activity (CATPO). MtCATPO catalyses the oxidation of catechol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and (+)-catechin to yield mainly dimers, and higher molecular weight oligomers and polymers. The role of this phenol oxidase activity is not known. Here, the antioxidant capacities (AC) of the phenolic substrates in the absence and presence of MtCATPO were compared. The oxidized products displayed enhanced AC reaching a maximum of 2.4-fold with catechol. Other phenol oxidases (laccase and tyrosinase) did not yield AC enhancement to the same extent. MtCATPO-treatment increased AC of green and black tea infusions, as well as water extracts of samples collected from a black tea production line up to 28%. The bifunctional MtCATPO appears to be an important antioxidant enzyme with a wide range of potential applications in the food, neutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals industry.