In this study, the effects of four different color plastic greenhouse treatments on nutrient concentrations of leaf and fruit, leaf SPAD (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) values and some yield parameters of tomato were tried to be determined. For this purpose, plastic greenhouses with Red (RedG), Blue (BlueG), Colorless (ConG) and white Led (LedG) lighting have been used as materials in the research. The used plastic greenhouses are 3 m in width, 6 m in length, 2 m in sidewall height and 2.8 m in roof ridge height. Led lighting is; Three hours of extra lighting is planned for one hour before sunrise, 2 hours after sunset. The research was carried out in ISUBU (Isparta), Faculty of Agriculture, field area in the summer season in 2019. The nutrient elements of K, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe were determined in the leaf and of the tomato plant. It has been determined that four different greenhouse treatments have a positive effect on K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe nutrients in leaf, and K, Ca, P, Mg nutrient in fruit. In terms of SPAD values, all treatments were determined to be higher than the control treatment. It was determined that the highest SPAD value was in BlueG treatment. When the efficiency-related values are examined; It was determined that the highest fruit number, fruit weight and yield were in BlueG treatment. BlueG treatment was followed by RedG, ConG, and LedG treatment respectively in terms of efficiency. As a result, considering the effects of four different greenhouse treatments on macro and micronutrient nutritions SPAD values, and yield values, it was concluded that the most suitable treatments for tomato cultivation in greenhouses is BlueG treatment and RedG treatment should not be ignored.

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the arterial vascularization of the kidneys in the South Karaman sheep breed. Twelve South Karaman sheep kidneys were used in the study. The course of the renal arteries in the kidney was examined by means of dissection and corrosion cast techniques. The kidneys were vascularized with right renal artery and left renal artery to the arteries originating from the abdominal aorta. Right renal artery was seen to be slightly more prominent than the left renal artery. Left renal artery was measured longer and thicker than the right renal artery. The renal artery entering the renal hilus, dorsal and ventral part of the renal artery were detected. However, in several materials, the left renal artery was shown to have a third branch. The dorsal and ventral branches gave interlobar artery with numbers ranging from 2-5. Each interlobar artery had multiple arcuate artery. These arteries ended by giving the interlobular artery. Anastomosis was not observed between the renal arteries. Although there were some important variations in the distribution of renal arteries of South Karaman sheep, similar findings were reported in the literature.

In developing nations Nigeria inclusive, most of the cereals grown are for human consumption. Conventional feedstuffs use in livestock production especially in poultry enterprise has intensified the competition for available grains. Consequently, the cost of poultry production is jacked up. Since poultry provides most of the animal protein consumed either in the form of meat or egg, exploring tropical vegetables as a route of escape to reducing the cost of feeding will be a great gain in the poultry enterprise. Tropical vegetables especially the African leafy vegetables (ALVs) are economical and highly nutritive possessing good levels of vitamins, minerals, protein and essential amino acids. The mineral constituent of some tropical vegetables as well as their nutritive impact on the performance, meat quality, egg quality in broiler and laying birds as presented in this review paper. Although, the availability of ALVs all year round, its moisture content level and presence of anti-nutrients may tend to limit its usage in poultry feed, adopting irrigation techniques and improved seedlings as well as exploring the processes of enhancing the nutritional value of ALVs to combat anti-nutrients to tolerable levels by the birds make it possible to be considered as good alternative in poultry diets.

In this study the effects of different sucrose concentrations, and the combinations of jasmonic acid (JA) with auxins (IAA or NAA) or with cytokinin (2iP) on the bulb induction and rooting of in vitro plantlets of Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. chionophyllus Wendelbo, which is endemic in Turkey, were investigated. The effect of four different sucrose concentrations (30, 45, 60 and 90 g L-1) on bulb formation in tissue culture was investigated. These plantlets were cultured on MS medium supplemented with several concentrations and combinations of JA (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 mg L-1) and 2iP (0.0, 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1), IAA or NAA (0.5, 1.0 mg L-1). In JA- 2iP treatment, the highest number of bulblets (13.7 number/explant) was obtained by the combinations of JA 1.0 mg L-1 + 2iP 0.25 mg L-1. Also, the largest bulblets with the mean diameter of 7.9 mm were found on MS medium supplemented with JA 2.0 mg L-1. In JA – Auxin treatment, the mean root number per bulblet was highest (17.9 number/explant) and root formation rate was maximum (81.14%) on MS medium supplemented with IAA 1.0 mg L-1 + JA 2.0 mg L-1.

To meet the nutritional requirements required for human and animal nutrition due to climatic changes, research on determination of rich in nutrients and quality, products with high resistance to adverse environmental conditions and their possibilities for growing and reproduction are carried out. This research was carried out between 2018-2019. As a material, seeds belonging to the amaranth (Amarantus mantegazzianus), chia (Salvia hispanica L.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and teff (Eragrostis tef [Zucc] Trotter) plants were studied. Some characteristics of these seeds were determined such as shape, size, mean arithmetic and geometric diameter, sphericity and thousand grain weight. According to the data obtained; the highest average length (1.140 mm), width (1.080 mm) and surface area (0.930 mm2) of the seeds of the quinoa seeds compared to other seeds; the tambourine seeds had the lowest average length (0.540 mm), width (0.300 mm) and surface area (0.130 mm2) values. In terms of thousand grain weights, the seeds of the quinoa plant are the heaviest seeds with 3.3600 g; the lightest seeds were determined to belong to the tambourine seeds with 0.0028 g.

Free glutamic acid is a flavor enhancer compound that provided umami taste. San-sakng (Albertisia papuana Becc.) leaf has been used as a seasoning in the Dayaks tribe, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The aim of this study was evaluated the effect of different drying inlet air temperature on physico-chemical of the spray dried san-sakng leaf. San-sakng leaf powders was produced using spray drying and maltodextrin as raw material. Completely randomized design was used with one factor, namely drying inlet air temperature on the spray drying process (130°C, 140°C, and 150°C). The results showed that moisture, solubility, bulk density, particle size, and encapsulation efficiency on the San-sakng leaf powders presented significantly affected by the drying inlet air temperature. Increasing inlet air temperature led to reduced moisture, bulk density, and particle size, whereas enhancing the solubility and encapsulation efficiency.

Türkiye bitki çeşitliliği bakımından ender ülkeler arasındadır. Bu durumun bir örneği de ülke genelinde tohumdan yetişen ceviz çöğürlerindeki varyasyondur. Bu farklılığın ceviz ıslahında kullanılabilmesi için genetik materyalin ismine doğru olması ve aralarındaki genetik ilişkilerin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada Uşak ilinden seleksiyon ile elde edilmiş bazı ceviz genotiplerinde genetik çeşitliliğin moleküler markörler ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 19 adet SRAP markör kombinasyonu kullanılmıştır. Bu markörlerden sayıları 2 ile 18 arasında değişen toplam 171 skorlanabilir bant elde edilmiş olup, bunların %77,2’si polimorfik olarak bulunmuştur. Markörlerden elde edilen bantların baz uzunlukları ise 100-1500 bp arasında değişim göstermiştir. Ceviz genotiplerine ait benzerlik oranı 0,21 – 0,85 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Çalışma sonucuna göre SRAP markör sisteminin ceviz genotipleri arasında genetik çeşitliliği belirlemede etkili şekilde kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.

This study was undertaken to estimate the antioxidant activity and total tannin content of Moringa olifera Lam. (Moringa) leaves and find a suitable extraction condition for maximum yield. Two types of solvent and three different extraction times and temperatures were experimented for extraction. Moringa leaves were oven-dried and powdered to determine the antioxidant activity in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH radical scavenging activity and total tannin content. The maximum TPC value noted in methanol extract, and it ranges from 6.46 ± 0.34 g to 3.91±0.19 g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100g dry sample (DM). The FRAP values varied from 211.6 ± 3.75 to 344.13 ± 3.26 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/100g DM and 166.67 ± 2.90 to 224.93 ± 1.94 mg AAE/100g DM, for methanol and ethanol extract, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 46.32 ± 1.07 to 58.09 ± 0.92% for methanol extract and 56.76 ± 1.48% to 69.72 ± 1.15% for ethanol extract. The total tannin content varied from 6.84 ± 0.05 to 10.22 ± 1.11 mg GAE/100 g dry sample and 6.77 ± 0.08 to 9.23 ± 0.51 mg GAE/ 100g DMfor methanol and ethanol extract, respectively. The highest antioxidant yield for methanol and ethanol extract of Moringa leaves differed for various conditions. Overall, Moringa leaves showed excellent antioxidant properties that can be commercially and domestically used.

In light of recent news reporting the use of banned colorants in Lebanese-made pickled turnips exported to the European Union (EU) by the Rapid Alert System of Food and Feed (RASFF), The Lebanese Consumer Protection Association tested samples of pickled turnips being sold to the public and confirmed the use of rhodamine B. Many products were pulled off the market and were replaced with new products that were supposed to be free of any banned colorants. We selected 5 different brands of pickled turnips and tested them for pH, salinity, nitrites, and colorants. We tested the salinity using two methods: evaporation and titration. The concentration of nitrites was tested by absorbency method. The presence of colorants was determined using TLC and absorbency method. We determined that the newly released pickled turnips comply with the rules and regulations adopted by the Lebanese Standards Institution (LIBNOR) and the international standards according to the Codex Alimentarius.

In this study, various extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. were investigated in terms of their extraction yields. For this purpose, five solvent systems including 70%EtOH-30% H2O (A), 50%EtOH-50% H2O (B), 30%EtOH-70% H2O (C), 100% EtOH (D), and 100% H2O (E) were used. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for extraction and extraction processes were performed at different temperatures (30°-70oC) and extraction times (30-70 min.). The optimum extraction conditions for H. perforatum was determined based on extraction yield, total phenolic contents, and DPPH radical scavenging activities of the crude extracts, as well. The best ultrasound extraction conditions are achieved in the presence of 70%EtOH-30% H2O solvent system, for 40 min, at 30°C for H. perforatum.