The unfavoured Portuguese regions have a level of life and economic growth rates lower than favoured regions, and the mean of European Union and hence have less entrepreneurial activities. The adoption of strategies of sustainable development driven by entrepreneurship phenomena could be a viable solution. Thus, the likely relationships between entrepreneurship and regional features were described, and sources of entrepreneurship opportunities for strategies based on the own regional resources and competitive advantages were identified. The paper concludes that, for the Alentejo region, some habitat variables should be reinforced for promoting entrepreneurship and sustainable development, and the main opportunities are related to the economic activities that belong to the regional productive profile of specialization.

This paper is about the links between entrepreneurship determinants, entrepreneurship rate and entrepreneurship consequences. A model relating demographic, cultural, economical and institutional antecedents to entrepreneurship rate and to economic and social regional performance is proposed and tested using Rio Grande do Sul municipal data. The results support the view that institutional, economical and demographic variables shape entrepreneurship rate. Moreover support was also found for the fact that the entrepreneurship rate impacts the development of localities. Unlike other researches our results also suggest that the entrepreneurship rate mediates the effects of other variables on the regional economic and social performance. This result has important implications for establishing regional development policies because if the interest is to enhance economic and social development the best practice is to improve the entrepreneurship antecedents rather than only stimulate more people to start new business. | Este artigo trata das relações entre a taxa de empreendedorismo, seus determinantes e consequências. O modelo que relaciona antecedentes demográficos, culturais, econômicos e institucionais do empreendedorismo com a taxa de formação de novas empresas e com a renda per capita e o índice de desenvolvimento humano foi proposto e testado usando dados municipais do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Evidências foram encontradas de que variáveis institucionais, econômicas e demográficas determinam a taxa de empreendedorismo. Além disso, encontramos suporte para a relação - taxa de empreendedorismo e nível de desenvolvimento municipal. Porém, diferente de outras pesquisas, os resultados deste trabalho sugerem que a taxa de empreendedorismo, além de exercer efeitos diretos na renda per capita e no índice de desenvolvimento humano, tem efeitos indiretos. Este resultado tem importância para o estabelecimento de políticas de desenvolvimento regional, visto que, se o interesse é fortalecer o desempenho regional, a melhor maneira é estimular os fatores que determinam a criação de empresas, mais do que somente estimular mais pessoas a iniciarem novos negócios.