The present research if developed in an area of 7 ha that it was divided in seven equal sub-parcels and it had as objective to evaluate the effect of itinerant agriculture by means of drill and forest fire of the lenhosa vegetation, with subsequente plantation of maize and beans, for up to two years followed of rest for up to five years on the edafic fauna. In the period of rest these areas had been used as area of maintenance of ten sheep matrices. To the side of these systems an established secondary bush has 50 years was used as control. Had been installed traps type "Pitfal" for the collects of the fauna of the soil in the period of abundant rain and the dry period. The forest fires carried through in the treatments cultivated with maize and beans, had contributed for a drastic reduction in the diversity of the soil fauna. The group's formicidae and coleopters had been gifts more abundantly in all the handling systems what it exactly shows its presences in caatinga in adverse conditions. The period of collects of the fauna of soil influenced in the evaluated biological attributes.

In the North of Minas Gerais the equineculture is an important activity because it corroborates the success in the breeding of beef cattle. The equine verminosis control in this region has not been applied considering the anthelmintic resistances of nematodes and this resistance has been observed in some equine herds in Brazil. The present study has the objective to evaluate the effectiveness of pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin association in mare verminosis in the North of Minas Gerais, during the peripatum. After fourteen days of the first faecal egg count (FEC) and treatment of the animals with these respective bases, the FEC reduction test indicated 98.1% effectiveness and the coprocultures were negative. After the worm identification from the control group, was observed 30% of filariod worms of Strongyloides spp., 30% of the genus Haemonchus, 20% were worms of Cyathosminae, 10% of the genus Trichostrongylgys and 10% of the genus Oesophagodontus. The results observed suggest that the use of pyrantel pamoate associated with ivermectin was safe during the peripartum and efficient in the FEC reduction of naturally infected mares raised in pastures of the North of Minas Gerais.

The high incidence of the solar radiation and temperature and the high annual variability of the rainfall during the year in the region of semiarid Paraiba, contribute for the losses of CO2 of the soil. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the microbial activity according the emissions of C-CO2 in a micro basin which is in a process of environmental degradation in Paraíba semiarid, located in the "Fazenda Experimental Bacia Escola, CCA, UFPB" in São João do Cariri, PB, during a translation, in the years of 2003 to 2004. Five points of determination had been choosed in a toposequence where there vas evaluated the microbial activity by the C-CO2 production. In the rainy season the tax of losses of CO2 of the soil diminished independent of the position of determination in the toposequence. In the dry season, when there was some pluviometric precipitation, the tax of edaphic respiration, expressed in terms of losses of CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere, increased with the water availability of the soil.

The study was carried out in Fazenda Pau Ferro, Itaperuna - RJ, to evaluate soil quality attributes in pastures areas, Braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf), Suázi (Digitaria swazilandensis Stent) and Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp. cv Tifton 85) cultivated in hill relief. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10 -30 cm depth in two times; dry period (August of 2004, May of 2005 and August of 2005) and in the rainy period (December of 2004) in different sections: at the hillside shoulder (TS), backslope (TM) and footslope (TI) positions. In the samples soil chemical and physical analyses were accomplished. Were evaluated the soil aggregate stability; the bulk density (BD) and the total volume of pores (TVP), total organic carbon (TOC) and soil fertility. To study the multidimensional effect of soil attributes the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied. The pastures areas showed a good aggregation levels, in the different times and depths evaluated. The grasses Tifton 85 and Braquiária propitiated a higher TOC contribution in the depth of 0-10 cm and also larger aggregate weight in the class> 2,0mm, in the dry period. Higher values of BD were observed in the TI. In the rainy period it was observed a BD reduction and TVP increase, mainly for the Suázi areas. In a general way, the positions of the hillside TS and TM were the ones that showed the higher values for the physical and chemical attributes indicating a better soil quality in these areas. In the TI area the lowest levels of soil quality were observed, possibly for the accentuated steepness of this last position of the slope in relation to the other positions. The PCA separated the areas in function of seasonal variation. The dry season presented the higher correlation values with soil quality attributes such as the aggregation indexes and TOC. The aggregate weight distribution in function of the size classes, especially > 2,0 mm, MGD, MWD and TOC were a indicative sensitive to the effects of the treatments, grasses types and seasonal variation.

The albizia is a species arbores of the Leguminosae - Mimosoideae family (Momosaceas), native of Tropical Asia and characterized for presenting a speed growth, ability to fix nitrogen and to improve the structure of earth, especially in areas degraded, having uses multiples and facility to co associate with cultures agricultural. The research was lead in two experiments with the objective of to identify methods to superation of dormancy in seeds of albizia and to verify the effect of light and temperatures in germination of this species. In first the seeds were submitted the twelve methods to superation of dormancy: humid heat, immersion in hot water, immersion in sulfuric acid, and escarification mechanic, beyond of the witness, being determined the percentage of germination of seeds seard and deceased. In second experiment, after treatment with sulfuric acid for 10 minutes, the seeds were sowed in tabledoch paper type Germitest and put to germinate under nine combinations: continue light and constant temperature of 25oC; continue light and constant temperature of 35oC; continue light and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); dark continue and constant temperature of 25oC; dark continue and constant temperature of 35oC; dark continue and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 25oC; alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 35oC and alternance of light and temperature (light/35oC/8h and dark/20oC/16h). Conclusion the specie Albizia lebbeck presents seeds dormancy, detach-itself the escarification mechanic and the sulfuric acid as efficient methods to the superation of dormancy; the seeds of albizia are insensitive to the light and your germination was not influenced by the temperatures useds.

The objective of evaluating the effect of salinity water irrigation of the for vegetative phase of castor culture, it was developed a greenhouse experiment in the Ciências Ambientais Department of UFERSA. The experimental delineating used was entirely randomized with six treatments and three replications. The soil utilized was eutrofic Redyellow Latossol and the treatment was six waters with different salinity levels (0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 dS·m-1). The cropping was carried out with the BRS 149-Nordestina variety. The variables evaluated were: chemical-physical characteristics of the soil (pH, Electrical Conductivity, Ca, Mg e Na), and in the plant, the plant height, stalk diameter, fresh and dry matter, and leaf area. It was observed that soil undergo had the influence of the waters utilized: the pH, Electrical Conductivity and changeable Na with the water salinity. With the increase of the salinity, the plant development decreased, with increased of salinity.

Random regression models (RRM) allows considering heterogeneous residual variances to describe the growth for each age. However, this feature increases the number of parameters to be estimated in the maximization likelihood function process. Searching for more parsimonious RRM, several approaches have been suggested. One of them is the use of different structures of residual variances modelled through step function in different classes with similar variance or through variance functions. A total of 7,369 records of body weight of partridges, measured from birth to 210 days of partridges born from 2000 to 2004 were used in this research. The random regression models applied to the data set considered different structures of residual variances and were performed by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The residual variances were modeled using classes of 210 (R210) and 30 (R30) ages and variance functions with orders ranging from quadratic (VF2) to nine (VF9). The R30 considered birds weighted in the same week. The random effects included were the genetic additive direct and the permanent environment effects of the animal. It was not possible to include the maternal effects in the models. All random effects were modelled by sixth order regression on Legendre polynomials. The models were compared by the likelihood ratio test, the Akaike's information criterion and the Schwarz's Bayesian information criterion. Best results were showed by the models R210 and VF5. In conclusion, the most parsimonious model was VF5 and should be applied to fit growth records of partridges.

Thirty-six females (of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and ¿ 4th partum order) were used, and evaluated at four stages of lactation (equalization, 7th and 14th day of lactation, and at weaning) to verify the effects that partum order and lactation stage had on the performance of hybrid swine sows maintained in a hot environment (room temperature at 28.5ºC; black globe temperature at 29.3ºC; relative air humidity at 75.7% and ITGU calculated at 78.9). Interaction among the factors was observed for food consumption, and the primiparas consumed less. The sows presented differences (P<0,05) in performance (corporal weight, bacon thickness, visual corporal score, corporal composition and tissue) according to partum order, without effect on the weaning-estrus interval or the duration of the estrus. The lactation stage had a negative influence on weight and estimated corporal protein. This study concluded that hybrid swine sows maintained satisfactory performance, and that primiparous sows were more sensitive to hot environments.

This research avollue the efficiency of Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) plus other alternatives to control rot of melons. The trials were carried out at Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical located in Fortaleza, Ceara state, Brazil. Cantaloupe melons, hybrid 'Vera Cruz', were harvested from Dinamarca Indústria Agricola farm, located in the 304 BR km 38 - Nova Betânia - Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte State. Fruits were sorted for uniformity, rinsed with alcohol 70%, inoculated with Fusarium pallidoroseum, and assembled for treatments with 600ppb of 1-methyiciclopropene (1- MCP); 1, 2 or 3g of Potassium permanganate; Carnauba wax; and Funginat (a blend essential oil). Five fruits were placed per box, and each box taken as a repetition. Fruits were also divided into two lots: not packed and packed in Xtend. Vermiculite sachets impregnated with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) were distributed according to the weight of the fruits in each box. Upon treatments, fruits were stored under low temperature, 3 ± 2°C, and relative humidity of 85 ± 2% for 14 days. After that period, fruit packages and boxes were removed from storage, low temperature and room temperature (23 ± 2°C and 90 ± 2% RH), respectively. Evaluations were loss of mass and grading from 15th to 18th day of storage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial system 5x2, being five treatments (1- MCP, KMnO4, Carnaúba wax, Funginat, and control fruits), and two modified atmospheres (with and without X-tend). Results on disease incidence were written in percentage per box, transformed into arc sine and degrees of quadrant. The analysis of variance was performed with the aid of the ESTAT - System for Statistics Analysis, version 1.0, UNESP. Results showed significant difference principally regarding the use of packaging, suggesting that the use of modified atmosphere affects the quality of melons by increasing fruit shelf life. It has been also concluded that association of modified atmosphere with other postharvest technologies may increase modified atmosphere efficiency.

This assay was conducted at the Departamento Ciências Vegetais of Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, with the objective to evaluate the tolerance of the jitirana (aegyptia Merremia L.), in saline solution. The used experimental delineation was the inteiramento casualizado with four treatments and four repetitions. The treatments had evidenced of four levels of salinity: testemunha (0,614ds/m) and the three saline solutions the 10, 20 and 30ds/m. The seeds had been incubadas in the sand esterilizada in caixotes wooden with capacity of 100 sementes.O parameter germination percentage were used as identification character of resistance. Ahead of the displayed one one concludes that the jitirana is tolerant the salinity since the same dS/m came to present reduction in the germination only in the C.E=30.