خيارات البحث
النتائج 121 - 130 من 303
Rain Water Harvesting for Food and Livelihood Security: A case study from Pali, India النص الكامل
2019
Singh D. | Choudhary M. K. | Meena M. L. | Kumar Chandan
Arid zones are characterized by high evaporation, low and uneven rainfall, undulated topography, presence of salt layers at shallow depth in the soil and poor-quality ground water. Under these conditions an innovative farmer in the district of Pali in the state of Rajasthan, India explored options for farm diversification under hot-arid conditions at his farm. His motivation brought him to the ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) where he was trained in various basic aspects of rain water harvesting. KVK, Pali studied the methods and innovative ideas utilized by the farmers and the subsequent gain in yield and income by adoption of rainwater harvesting at his farm on a yearly basis. Initially he constructed a small rainwater harvesting structure by which he was able to store substantial quantities of water for longer duration. As a result of constant motivation, he constructed a concrete rainwater storage structure (40M x 40M x 3.5M) and explored further options to increase production at his farm. Also, development of goat farming, intercropping, raising fodder crops and grasses, and developing a fishery, all from the gains of water harvested from rains, gave him confidence and added to the prosperity of his farm. Presently, on farm productive activities, family labour mobilization and diversification provide him with a stable income. This experiential learning also led to new knowledge emerging from interactions among a hitherto powerful scientific hierarchy and served as role model for other farmers’ adoption of innovative techniques.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Stochastic multi-objective modeling for optimization of water-food-energy nexus of irrigated agriculture النص الكامل
2019
Li, Mo | Fu, Qiang | Singh, V. P. (Vijay P.) | Liu, Dong | Li, Tianxiao
Irrigated agriculture is the primary user of world's fresh water resources on one hand and the producer of food to feed the world's growing population on the other hand. Water, food, and energy are intertwined in irrigated agricultural systems and an effective and coordinated management of the water-food-energy nexus is needed for the sustainable development of agriculture which is challenging because of large uncertainties involved therein. This paper developed an optimization model for the allocation of resources toward the sustainable management of agricultural water, food, and energy nexus under uncertainty. The model is capable of providing policy makers with the ability to determine optimal policy options among water, energy, and land resources to obtain the maximum system economic benefit and simultaneously minimize environmental impacts. The model is also capable of handling complex uncertainties of random boundary intervals. The model is demonstrated to solve a real-world nexus management problem in an irrigation district in northeast China. Results highlight the sensitivity of food production and environmental pollution to the utilization of water, energy, and land resources. The model is applicable for similar agriculture-centered regions with limited resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Review of transdisciplinary approaches to food-water-energy nexus: A guide towards sustainable development النص الكامل
2019
Ghodsvali, Maryam | Krishnamurthy, Sukanya | Vries, Bauke de
The burgeoning food-water-energy (FWE) nexus discussion for sustainable development reflects the ongoing transition from a silo-thinking to a transdisciplinary perspective in order to address challenges of the nexus practicability in real-world. Approaches to putting the FWE nexus into practice have failed to respond to the interdependent issues of resources appropriately and to devise the way societies are coordinated for such responses. Societies are critically important for advancing sustainable development and are thus placed at the center of the FWE nexus. Transdisciplinarity allows challenges to be framed and viable solutions to be found at the outset in an extensive and equal contribution of societies. This paper provides a systematic literature review to debate the current concepts and methods of the transdisciplinary research on the FWE nexus with the aim of developing a guide for socially inclusive sustainable development. Although the concept of transdisciplinarity has been widely accepted by nexus research, an explicit cognition of its practicability in real-world is still lacking, and sophisticated methodological development is required. As such, we proposed a conceptual framework to explore the potential contribution of transdisciplinarity towards linking FWE nexus practices and sustainability outcomes in real-world situations. This framework is useful in steering the management of nexus issues with integrative perspectives. Relying on the proposed framework, we made recommendations for successful transdisciplinary nexus practices. The future nexus research should be directed towards communication mechanisms and governance transition for balanced power relations among nexus actors, their representative selection, and timely involvement.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Agricultural practices and ecosystem services provision to ensure the food, water and energy security. النص الكامل
2019
TURETTA, A. P. D. | FIDALGO, E. C. C. | PRADO, R. B. | MONTEIRO, J. M. G. | PEDREIRA, B. da C. C. G. | SCHULER, A. E. | DUARTE, G. T.
Considering the importance of the agricultural sector in Brazil and the existence of areas in different stages of degradation, it becomes strategic for interventions that can generate socio-economic and environmental benefits and positive impacts to the tripod F-W-E. Thus, the present study is based on the Ribeirão das Lajes dam (RJ), a core area for the water supply of the second largest city in Brazil - Rio de Janeiro. A methodological approach will be developed that will generate an integrated assessment tool to evaluate the impact of agriculture practices and its potentiality to ecosystem services provision in the Nexus F-W-E approach.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Spatial Characteristics and Implications of Grey Water Footprint of Major Food Crops in China النص الكامل
2019
Lin Wang | Yutong Zhang | Ling Jia | Guiyu Yang | Yizhen Yao | Weiping Wang
Spatial Characteristics and Implications of Grey Water Footprint of Major Food Crops in China النص الكامل
2019
Lin Wang | Yutong Zhang | Ling Jia | Guiyu Yang | Yizhen Yao | Weiping Wang
The estimated, effective increase of agricultural fertilizer applied in China by 10.57 Mts from 2006 to 2016 is a crucial factor affecting the water environment. Based on analyzing the nitrate-leaching rate, the nitrogen-fertilizer application rate, and crop yield in wheat and maize key cultivation divisions in China, this paper applied the grey water footprint analytical method to estimate THE grey water footprint and its proportion to total water footprint and analyzed the spatial differences from 2012 to 2016. Results showed that the grey water footprint of wheat was higher in North and Northwest China with an increasing trend, while that of maize was higher in Southwest and Northwest China because of high nitrogen application rates and low yields in these regions. Except for the Southwestern division, wheat&rsquo:s grey water footprint was about 1.3 times higher than the blue water footprint, while, for maize, it was two to three times higher. When analyzing and planning water demand for crop irrigation, the water required for nonpoint source pollution due to chemical fertilizers should be considered. Focusing blue water (irrigation) alone, while neglecting green water and ignoring grey water footprints, it might lead to overestimation of available agricultural water resources and failure to meet the goals of sustainable use of water resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Spatial Characteristics and Implications of Grey Water Footprint of Major Food Crops in China النص الكامل
2019
Lin Wang | Yutong Zhang | Ling Jia | Guiyu Yang | Yizhen Yao | Weiping Wang
The estimated, effective increase of agricultural fertilizer applied in China by 10.57 Mts from 2006 to 2016 is a crucial factor affecting the water environment. Based on analyzing the nitrate-leaching rate, the nitrogen-fertilizer application rate, and crop yield in wheat and maize key cultivation divisions in China, this paper applied the grey water footprint analytical method to estimate THE grey water footprint and its proportion to total water footprint and analyzed the spatial differences from 2012 to 2016. Results showed that the grey water footprint of wheat was higher in North and Northwest China with an increasing trend, while that of maize was higher in Southwest and Northwest China because of high nitrogen application rates and low yields in these regions. Except for the Southwestern division, wheat’s grey water footprint was about 1.3 times higher than the blue water footprint, while, for maize, it was two to three times higher. When analyzing and planning water demand for crop irrigation, the water required for nonpoint source pollution due to chemical fertilizers should be considered. Focusing blue water (irrigation) alone, while neglecting green water and ignoring grey water footprints, it might lead to overestimation of available agricultural water resources and failure to meet the goals of sustainable use of water resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Spatial Characteristics and Implications of Grey Water Footprint of Major Food Crops in China النص الكامل
2019
Wang, Lin | Zhang, Yutong | Jia, Ling | Yang, Guiyu | Yao, Yizhen | Wang, Weiping
The estimated, effective increase of agricultural fertilizer applied in China by 10.57 Mts from 2006 to 2016 is a crucial factor affecting the water environment. Based on analyzing the nitrate-leaching rate, the nitrogen-fertilizer application rate, and crop yield in wheat and maize key cultivation divisions in China, this paper applied the grey water footprint analytical method to estimate THE grey water footprint and its proportion to total water footprint and analyzed the spatial differences from 2012 to 2016. Results showed that the grey water footprint of wheat was higher in North and Northwest China with an increasing trend, while that of maize was higher in Southwest and Northwest China because of high nitrogen application rates and low yields in these regions. Except for the Southwestern division, wheat’s grey water footprint was about 1.3 times higher than the blue water footprint, while, for maize, it was two to three times higher. When analyzing and planning water demand for crop irrigation, the water required for nonpoint source pollution due to chemical fertilizers should be considered. Focusing blue water (irrigation) alone, while neglecting green water and ignoring grey water footprints, it might lead to overestimation of available agricultural water resources and failure to meet the goals of sustainable use of water resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Development drivers of the water-energy-food nexus in the Gulf Cooperation Council region النص الكامل
2019
Abulibdeh, Ammar | Zaidan, Esmat | Al-Saidi, Mohammad
Development drivers of the water-energy-food nexus in the Gulf Cooperation Council region النص الكامل
2019
Abulibdeh, Ammar | Zaidan, Esmat | Al-Saidi, Mohammad
This article analyses water, food, and energy security in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach. The innovative focus is on identifying past and future development-based drivers of water-energy-food integration in the region. The study presents a critical review of WEF nexus in the Gulf region and identifies links to sustainable development in this area. It concludes that integrating water, energy, and food resources within the nexus is crucial for GCC nations to accomplish resource security and sustainable development.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Development drivers of the water-energy-food nexus in the Gulf Cooperation Council region النص الكامل
2019
Abulibdeh, Ammar | Zaidan, Esmat | Al-Saidi, Mohammad
This article analyses water, food, and energy security in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach. The innovative focus is on identifying past and future development-based drivers of water-energy-food integration in the region. The study presents a critical review of WEF nexus in the Gulf region and identifies links to sustainable development in this area. It concludes that integrating water, energy, and food resources within the nexus is crucial for GCC nations to accomplish resource security and sustainable development.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Synergies within the Water-Energy-Food Nexus to Support the Integrated Urban Resources Governance النص الكامل
2019
Guijun Li | Yongsheng Wang | Yulong Li
Synergies within the Water-Energy-Food Nexus to Support the Integrated Urban Resources Governance النص الكامل
2019
Guijun Li | Yongsheng Wang | Yulong Li
Rapid urbanization poses great challenges to water-energy-food nexus (WEF-Nexus) system, calling for integrative resources governance to improve the synergies between subsystems that constitute the Nexus. This paper explores the synergies within the WEF-Nexus in Shenzhen city while using the synergetic model. We first identify the order parameters and their causal paths in three subsystems and set several eigenvectors under each parameter. Secondly, a synergetic model is developed to calculate the synergy degree among parameters, and the synergetic networks are then further constructed. Centrality analysis on the synergetic networks reveals that the centralities of food subsystem perform the highest level while the water subsystem at the lowest level. Finally, we put forward some policy implications for cross-sectoral resources governance by embedding the synergy degree into causal paths. The results show that the synergies of the Nexus system in Shenzhen can be maximized by stabilizing water supply, coordinating the energy imports and exports, and reducing the crops sown areas.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Synergies within the Water-Energy-Food Nexus to Support the Integrated Urban Resources Governance النص الكامل
2019
Guijun Li | Yongsheng Wang | Yulong Li
Rapid urbanization poses great challenges to water-energy-food nexus (WEF-Nexus) system, calling for integrative resources governance to improve the synergies between subsystems that constitute the Nexus. This paper explores the synergies within the WEF-Nexus in Shenzhen city while using the synergetic model. We first identify the order parameters and their causal paths in three subsystems and set several eigenvectors under each parameter. Secondly, a synergetic model is developed to calculate the synergy degree among parameters, and the synergetic networks are then further constructed. Centrality analysis on the synergetic networks reveals that the centralities of food subsystem perform the highest level while the water subsystem at the lowest level. Finally, we put forward some policy implications for cross-sectoral resources governance by embedding the synergy degree into causal paths. The results show that the synergies of the Nexus system in Shenzhen can be maximized by stabilizing water supply, coordinating the energy imports and exports, and reducing the crops sown areas.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Synergies within the Water-Energy-Food Nexus to Support the Integrated Urban Resources Governance النص الكامل
2019
Li, Guijun | Wang, Yongsheng | Li, Yulong
Rapid urbanization poses great challenges to water-energy-food nexus (WEF-Nexus) system, calling for integrative resources governance to improve the synergies between subsystems that constitute the Nexus. This paper explores the synergies within the WEF-Nexus in Shenzhen city while using the synergetic model. We first identify the order parameters and their causal paths in three subsystems and set several eigenvectors under each parameter. Secondly, a synergetic model is developed to calculate the synergy degree among parameters, and the synergetic networks are then further constructed. Centrality analysis on the synergetic networks reveals that the centralities of food subsystem perform the highest level while the water subsystem at the lowest level. Finally, we put forward some policy implications for cross-sectoral resources governance by embedding the synergy degree into causal paths. The results show that the synergies of the Nexus system in Shenzhen can be maximized by stabilizing water supply, coordinating the energy imports and exports, and reducing the crops sown areas.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Controversial Connections: The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia النص الكامل
2019
Detlef Müller-Mahn | Million Gebreyes
Controversial Connections: The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia النص الكامل
2019
Detlef Müller-Mahn | Million Gebreyes
The article takes hydro-development schemes in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia as an example to discuss the suitability and shortcomings of nexus approaches for the analysis of complex socio-ecological transformations. Based on critical theoretical debates and extensive field research in Ethiopia, the paper broadens the nexus perspective by integrating the three analytical dimensions of time, space, and power. The empirical material comes from a case study of the Fincha-Amerti-Neshe scheme that was implemented in three consecutive stages over almost half a century, combining dams, hydro-power plants, large-scale sugar cane plantations, and a factory for sugar production. The empirical findings follow the historical stages of the scheme and their physical outcomes, which affected much more than just water, energy, and food. The paper explores socio-ecological transformations along the analytical dimensions of time, scale, and power. First, it views time and temporality as essential aspects of change and calls for a more systematic recognition of the historical context out of which development trajectories and current nexus situations have emerged. Second, it takes a cross-scalar perspective to explain how local land use is influenced by regional and global drivers. And third, it emphasizes the importance of asymmetric power structures to explain the dynamics of hydro-developments and their social consequences. In conclusion, the paper calls for a &ldquo:nexus-plus&rdquo: perspective that is more sensitive to the historical and cross-scalar embeddedness of hydro-development, and which enables more inclusive and fair governance of scarce resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Controversial Connections: The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia النص الكامل
2019
Müller-Mahn, Hans-Detlef | Gebreyes, Million
The article takes hydro-development schemes in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia as an example to discuss the suitability and shortcomings of nexus approaches for the analysis of complex socio-ecological transformations. Based on critical theoretical debates and extensive field research in Ethiopia, the paper broadens the nexus perspective by integrating the three analytical dimensions of time, space, and power. The empirical material comes from a case study of the Fincha-Amerti-Neshe scheme that was implemented in three consecutive stages over almost half a century, combining dams, hydro-power plants, large-scale sugar cane plantations, and a factory for sugar production. The empirical findings follow the historical stages of the scheme and their physical outcomes, which affected much more than just water, energy, and food. The paper explores socio-ecological transformations along the analytical dimensions of time, scale, and power. First, it views time and temporality as essential aspects of change and calls for a more systematic recognition of the historical context out of which development trajectories and current nexus situations have emerged. Second, it takes a cross-scalar perspective to explain how local land use is influenced by regional and global drivers. And third, it emphasizes the importance of asymmetric power structures to explain the dynamics of hydro-developments and their social consequences. In conclusion, the paper calls for a “nexus-plus” perspective that is more sensitive to the historical and cross-scalar embeddedness of hydro-development, and which enables more inclusive and fair governance of scarce resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Controversial Connections: The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia النص الكامل
2019
Detlef Müller-Mahn | Million Gebreyes
The article takes hydro-development schemes in the Upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia as an example to discuss the suitability and shortcomings of nexus approaches for the analysis of complex socio-ecological transformations. Based on critical theoretical debates and extensive field research in Ethiopia, the paper broadens the nexus perspective by integrating the three analytical dimensions of time, space, and power. The empirical material comes from a case study of the Fincha-Amerti-Neshe scheme that was implemented in three consecutive stages over almost half a century, combining dams, hydro-power plants, large-scale sugar cane plantations, and a factory for sugar production. The empirical findings follow the historical stages of the scheme and their physical outcomes, which affected much more than just water, energy, and food. The paper explores socio-ecological transformations along the analytical dimensions of time, scale, and power. First, it views time and temporality as essential aspects of change and calls for a more systematic recognition of the historical context out of which development trajectories and current nexus situations have emerged. Second, it takes a cross-scalar perspective to explain how local land use is influenced by regional and global drivers. And third, it emphasizes the importance of asymmetric power structures to explain the dynamics of hydro-developments and their social consequences. In conclusion, the paper calls for a “nexus-plus” perspective that is more sensitive to the historical and cross-scalar embeddedness of hydro-development, and which enables more inclusive and fair governance of scarce resources.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]