A água para o consumo humano e animal é um patrimônio cada vez mais escasso que é necessário preservar. O processo de desinfecção utilizado atualmente tem como base desinfetantes clorados, que em combinação com resíduos orgânicos, resultam em trihalometanos (potencialmente oncogênicos). A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar a citotoxicidade de cinco extratos de plantas, capazes de promover desinfecção da água, frente a seis linhagens celulares, a saber: Vero (ATCC CCl81) African green monkey cells; MDBK (ATCC CCL 24) Martin Darby Bonne Kidney cells; MDCK (ATCC CCL 34) Canis familiaris kidney cells; CRFK (ATCC CCL 94) Felix catus kidney cells; PK 15 (ATCC CCL 33) Sus scrofa kidney cells; RK13 (ATCC CCL 37) Orytolagus cuniculus Kidney cells, e avaliar cultivos celulares mais sensíveis para o teste de toxicidade de extratos de plantas. Destes extratos, o mais tóxico foi o de Erva de Formigueiro (Chenopodium álbum) diante de todas as células testadas. O extrato de chapéu de couro (Sagittaria montevidensis) foi medianamente tóxico e os demais baleeira (Cordia curassavica), folha da fortuna (Bryophyllum pinnatum [Kurz]) e sete sangrias (Cuphea carthagenensis [Jacq.] J.F. Macbride) foram os menos tóxicos. Este resultado foi estatisticamente significativo (p=0,99), quando se comparou o extrato das plantas frente às concentrações e às células estudadas. Entre as células utilizadas, as mais sensíveis foram a VERO (rim de macaco) e a CRFK (rim de gato) quando comparadas com as demais foram (MDBK, MDCK, PK 15, RK 13), com diferença significativa (p=0,99). Conclui-se que há necessidade de serem avaliados os extratos vegetais quanto a toxicidade, antes do emprego como recursos de saúde, e que algumas células são mais eficazes que outras na detecção de efeito citopatogênico. | Freshwater for human and animal consumption is an increasingly rare patrimony that needs to be preserved. The currently adopted disinfection process uses chloride disinfectants which, combined with organic residues, result in trihalomethane (potentially oncogenic). The aim of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of five plant extracts, capable of promoting water disinfection, against six cell lines: Vero (ATCC CCl81) African green monkey cells; MDBK (ATCC CCL 24) Martin Darby Bonne kidney cells; MDCK (ATCC CCL 34) Canis familiaris kidney cells; CRFK (ATCC CCL 94) Felix catus kidney cells; PK 15 (ATCC CCL 33) Sus scrofa kidney cells; RK13 (ATCC CCL 37) Oryctolagus cuniculus kidney cells, as well as to evaluate the most sensitive cell cultures for the toxicity test of plant extracts. The most toxic extract was that of white goosefoot (Chenopodium album) against all tested cells. California arrowhead (Sagittaria montevidensis) extract had median toxicity and extracts of "erva baleeira" (Cordia curassavica), miracle leaf (Bryophyllum pinnatum [Kurz]) and colombian waxweed (Cuphea carthagenensis [Jacq.] J.F. Macbride) were the least toxic. This finding was statistically significant (p=0.99) when the plant extracts were compared regarding the concentrations and the studied cells. The most sensitive cells were VERO (monkey kidney) and CRFK (feline kidney) compared to the others (MDBK, MDCK, PK 15, RK 13), with significant difference (p=0.99). In conclusion, plant extracts must be evaluated as to their toxicity before being used as health resources and some cells are more effective than others in the detection of cytopathogenic effects.

A água para o consumo humano e animal é um patrimônio cada vez mais escasso que é necessário preservar. O processo de desinfecção utilizado atualmente tem como base desinfetantes clorados, que em combinação com resíduos orgânicos, resultam em trihalometanos (potencialmente oncogênicos). A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar a citotoxicidade de cinco extratos de plantas, capazes de promover desinfecção da água, frente a seis linhagens celulares, a saber: Vero (ATCC CCl81) African green monkey cells; MDBK (ATCC CCL 24) Martin Darby Bonne Kidney cells; MDCK (ATCC CCL 34) Canis familiaris kidney cells; CRFK (ATCC CCL 94) Felix catus kidney cells; PK 15 (ATCC CCL 33) Sus scrofa kidney cells; RK13 (ATCC CCL 37) Orytolagus cuniculus Kidney cells, e avaliar cultivos celulares mais sensíveis para o teste de toxicidade de extratos de plantas. Destes extratos, o mais tóxico foi o de Erva de Formigueiro (Chenopodium álbum) diante de todas as células testadas. O extrato de chapéu de couro (Sagittaria montevidensis) foi medianamente tóxico e os demais baleeira (Cordia curassavica), folha da fortuna (Bryophyllum pinnatum [Kurz]) e sete sangrias (Cuphea carthagenensis [Jacq.] J.F. Macbride) foram os menos tóxicos. Este resultado foi estatisticamente significativo (p=0,99), quando se comparou o extrato das plantas frente às concentrações e às células estudadas. Entre as células utilizadas, as mais sensíveis foram a VERO (rim de macaco) e a CRFK (rim de gato) quando comparadas com as demais foram (MDBK, MDCK, PK 15, RK 13), com diferença significativa (p=0,99). Conclui-se que há necessidade de serem avaliados os extratos vegetais quanto a toxicidade, antes do emprego como recursos de saúde, e que algumas células são mais eficazes que outras na detecção de efeito citopatogênico.<br>Freshwater for human and animal consumption is an increasingly rare patrimony that needs to be preserved. The currently adopted disinfection process uses chloride disinfectants which, combined with organic residues, result in trihalomethane (potentially oncogenic). The aim of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of five plant extracts, capable of promoting water disinfection, against six cell lines: Vero (ATCC CCl81) African green monkey cells; MDBK (ATCC CCL 24) Martin Darby Bonne kidney cells; MDCK (ATCC CCL 34) Canis familiaris kidney cells; CRFK (ATCC CCL 94) Felix catus kidney cells; PK 15 (ATCC CCL 33) Sus scrofa kidney cells; RK13 (ATCC CCL 37) Oryctolagus cuniculus kidney cells, as well as to evaluate the most sensitive cell cultures for the toxicity test of plant extracts. The most toxic extract was that of white goosefoot (Chenopodium album) against all tested cells. California arrowhead (Sagittaria montevidensis) extract had median toxicity and extracts of "erva baleeira" (Cordia curassavica), miracle leaf (Bryophyllum pinnatum [Kurz]) and colombian waxweed (Cuphea carthagenensis [Jacq.] J.F. Macbride) were the least toxic. This finding was statistically significant (p=0.99) when the plant extracts were compared regarding the concentrations and the studied cells. The most sensitive cells were VERO (monkey kidney) and CRFK (feline kidney) compared to the others (MDBK, MDCK, PK 15, RK 13), with significant difference (p=0.99). In conclusion, plant extracts must be evaluated as to their toxicity before being used as health resources and some cells are more effective than others in the detection of cytopathogenic effects.

El agua de mar natural se utiliza en algunos países iberoamericanos como elemento nutritivo y terapéutico, y en los países desarrollados se usa como complemento nutricional de forma refinada y comercial. Los estudios de ingesta de agua de mar tratada muestran que no hay toxicidad; sin embargo, el uso de agua cercana a las playas representa un riesgo para la salud debido a la polución de los centros urbanos. En este estudio se emplearon linfocitos humanos y la electroforesis de células individuales (ensayo cometa), para comparar la genotoxicidad de un extracto orgánico de agua de mar tomada de la orilla respecto a muestras obtenidas mar adentro en el pequeño municipio de Coveñas-Sucre, Colombia, que vierte sus aguas domésticas directamente al mar o a pozos sépticos. Se observa genotoxicidad a 37 &ordm;C pero no a 4 &ordm;C, este efecto es dependiente de la concentración del extracto (p<0.0001), del sitio de muestreo (p=0.0026) y de la interacción de estos dos factores (p=0.0001). La muestra orgánica que presenta menor genotoxicidad es la de mar adentro. La citotoxicidad del extracto orgánico de agua de mar es muy baja comparada con la obtenida de muestras del acueducto de Medellín (Colombia).<br>Natural sea water is used as a nutritive and therapeutic element in Ibero-American countries, and commercial, refined sea water as a nutritional complement in developed countries. Although treated sea water has no toxicity, as demonstrated by previous sea water ingestion studies, consumption of near-shore seawater poses a health risk due to pollution of nearby urban centers. In this study, human lymphocytes and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) were used to compare the genotoxicity of an organic sea water extract taken near shore with that of sea water samples taken offshore in the small municipality of Coveñas (Sucre, Colombian), where domestic waters are flushed directly into the sea or into septic tanks. Genotoxicity was observed at 37&deg;C, but not at 4&deg;C. This effect depends on the concentration of extract (p<0.0001), the sampling site (p=0.0026), and the interaction of these two factors (p=0.0001). The lowest genotoxicity was observed in offshore organic samples. The cytotoxicity of sea water organic extracts was very low compared to that of the freshwater samples from the water supply system in Medellín (Colombia).