广东南海出入境检验检疫局从三山口岸西班牙进境金琥（Echinocactus grusonii Hildm．）中截获1种活的软体动物，经鉴定为攻击茶蜗牛[Theba impugnata（Mousson，1857）]，该物种在中国没有分布记录，是进境植物检疫性有害生物名录中比萨茶蜗牛[Theba pisana（Muller，1774）]的近似种，也是世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）评估为易危级列入“红名单”的物种，为中国口岸首次截获。本文记述了其分类地位、鉴定特征、种群现状、地理分布、生物学和检疫方法，并讨论了易危物种和检疫性有害生物的关系。 | One molluscan species was intercepted by Nanhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau in the imported Echinocactus grusonii Hildm. from Spain in June 2009. It was identified as Theba impugnata (Mousson, 1857). There was no distribution record of this pest species in China. And it is contained in the same genus as the quarantined species Theba pisana (MOiler, 1774). Theba impugnata is recognized as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List. It was intercepted for the first time in domestic ports in China. The classification and identification, population and geographical distribution, biological characteristics, and the quarantine measures for this pest species were introduced. The relations between vulnerable and quarantine species were also discussed.