Honey is a food produced from honey bee widely used for the sweetening power and for its biological properties. In order to prevent the infection of the hive, different xenobiotics (antibiotics, pesticide) were frequently employed. One of these substances is the chloramphenicol, that given its chemical stability could often found in food. Chloramphenicol have several side effects in humans after their ingestion and for this reason their intake must be avoid. The aim of this study, was developed an ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method coupled with UHPLC MS/MS determination, for fast and accurate analysis of chloramphenicol in honey. The parameters affecting on extraction efficiency were carefully optimized using an experimental design in order to maximized the recovery reducing matrix effects. After the optimization the method was validated and successfully applied to 66 honey samples.

Solar vapor generation is an efficient way to use solar energy for seawater desalination and sewage purification. The efficient utilization of solar-generated heat is a critical and hot topic for developing one-sun driven highly efficient solar vapor generation devices. Here, we reported a three-dimensional graphene-based hive (GBH) solar evaporator that can ensure efficient heat utilization by hierarchical heat trapping and efficient heat localization and reflux as well as long-term heat storage. As a result, a significant efficiency improvement (∼9%) was demonstrated in the 3D GBH evaporator from the initial 1.95 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ (corresponding to an energy efficiency of ∼85%) to the subsequent 2.13 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. In addition, the GBH evaporator exhibited an excellent water evaporation performance under discontinuous irradiation that is 81% of that achieved by continuous solar irradiation for one hour at 1 kW m⁻². The promising 3D hierarchical design offers efficient heat trapping, localization, and reflux as well as long-term heat storage which make it easy to develop highly efficient solar vapor generation devices for sunny and cloudy days.