Optimization of Sodium-Potassium Ratio in Cow Diets

In the conditions of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, research has been carried out on the prevention of metabolic disorders and optimization of the sodium-potassium ratio in the feed ration of cows. The diets were identical in composition and nutritional value, but the ratio of sodium and potassium in the groups was different due to different amounts of table salt. During the stall period of the experiment, the ratio of sodium and potassium in group I was 0.36, in group II — 0.43, and in group III — 0.48. It should be noted that this attitude in groups II and III contributed to a greater consumption of roughage and succulent feed than in the control group. During the grazing period, cows of all groups also received the same rations. However, the ratio of sodium and potassium in them was different. Thus, in group II it was 0.32, in group III — 0.41 versus 0.24 in the control. In group I for 1 feed units sodium accounted for 5.7 g, in II — 7.6 and III — 10.0 g. Cows of groups II and III consumed more grass on pasture by 4.8 and 9.6%, and green fertilizer by 3.2 and 7.6% compared to control. The amount of grass eaten on pasture was determined using the reverse calculation method. On average, per lactation in groups II and III there was 1.4 and 3.0 g more sodium per feed unit, respectively, than in group I. The nutritional value of the diets corresponded to the needs and level of productivity of the animals. Thus, optimizing the sodium-potassium ratio in the diets of highly productive cows by increasing the rate of sodium chloride by 40% in the stall and by 100% in the grazing periods with excess potassium in the diets ensures improved mineral metabolism, increases the use of nutrients and increases milk yield by 4%. Fat content by 8,8% on average per lactation.