Lifestyle and Nutritional Factors Influencing Obesity Risk Among Women in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

Obesity is a growing global health concern that significantly affects women’s physical, metabolic, and reproductive well-being. It is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hormonal imbalance, and psychosocial disorders. The prevalence of obesity is influenced by multiple interrelated factors, including dietary habits, physical activity levels, sleep patterns, stress exposure, and socio-cultural conditions.In regions with distinct demographic and lifestyle characteristics, such as the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, understanding these determinants is essential for developing targeted and effective public health strategies.This study aims to identify and analyze the lifestyle and nutritional factors contributing to obesity risk among women aged 18–65 residing in Nakhchivan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The questionnaire assessed dietary frequency, consumption of high-calorie foods, physical activity levels, sleep duration, stress indicators, and socio-demographic variables such as education and employment status.Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software, applying descriptive statistics and correlation tests to determine significant associations.The findings revealed that obesity prevalence was notably higher among women living in urban areas compared to those in rural regions. Key contributing factors included frequent intake of calorie-dense foods, low levels of physical activity, irregular sleep patterns, and elevated stress levels. Statistically significant correlations were observed between BMI and lifestyle indicators (p < 0.05). Additionally, educational attainment and employment status showed moderate influence on dietary behavior and physical activity engagement.This study underscores the urgent need for region-specific health interventions, including nutrition education, promotion of active lifestyles, and stress management programs tailored to women’s needs. The results provide a scientific foundation for public health authorities to design culturally appropriate and sustainable strategies to reduce obesity risk and improve women’s health outcomes in Nakhchivan.