Evaluasi Kesuburan Tanah dan Pengelolaan Budidaya Terong di Tiga Desa, Kabupaten Temanggung | Evaluation of Soil Fertility and Eggplant Cultivation Management in Three Villages, Temanggung Regency

Produktivitas terong (Solanum melongena L.) dipengaruhi oleh kesuburan tanah dan praktik pengelolaan budidaya yang diterapkan oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesuburan tanah dan pengelolaan budidaya terhadap peroduktivitas terong di tiga desa di Kabupaten Temanggung, yaitu Desa Karangtejo, Desa Nguwet, dan Desa Plumbon. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanah serta kadar hara tanaman, wawancara dengan petani, dan pengamatan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman di lapangan. Parameter pertumbuhan yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, dan luas daun, sedangkan parameter hasil meliputi jumlah bunga, buah, fruit set, bobot buah total, dan produktivitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dengan uji Tukey dan dilengkapi analisis usaha tani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kesuburan tanah terbaik terdapat di Desa Karangtejo, sedangkan produktivitas tertinggi dicapai di Desa Nguwet (37,49 ton/ha). Hal ini didukung oleh kombinasi pupuk organik dan anorganik yang tepat dan sistem pemeliharaan yang optimal. Desa Plumbon mencatat produktivitas terendah sebesar 10,63 ton/ha akibat sistem pemeliharaan yang kurang optimal dan tekanan lingkungan yang tinggi seperti suhu ekstrem serta serangan hama dan penyakit. Dari sisi kelayakan ekonomi, Desa Nguwet menunjukkan nilai R/C tertinggi sebesar 1,69, menunjukkan usaha tani sangat menguntungkan, diikuti Desa Karangtejo (1,63) dan Plumbon (0,82). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan budidaya terong tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kesuburan tanah, tetapi juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh praktik pengelolaan budidaya yang tepat.

Eggplant productivity (Solanum melongena L.) is influenced by soil fertility and cultivation management practices applied by farmers. This research aims to evaluate soil fertility and cultivation management towards eggplant productivity in three villages in Temanggung Regency, namely Karangtejo Village, Nguwet Village, and Plumbon Village. Research methods include analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the soil as well as the nutrient content of plants, interviews with farmers, and observation of plant growth and production in the field. The observed growth parameters include plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, and leaf area, while yield parameters include number of flowers, fruit, fruit set, total fruit weight, and productivity. The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with the Tukey test and completed with an agricultural business analysis. Research results show that the best soil fertility status is in Karangtejo Village, while the highest productivity is achieved in Nguwet Village (37,49 tons/ha). This is supported by the right combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers and an optimal maintenance system. Plumbon Village recorded the lowest productivity of 10,63 tons/ha due to a less than optimal maintenance system and high environmental pressure such as extreme temperatures and pest and disease attacks. In terms of economic feasibility, Nguwet Village showed the highest R/C value of 1.69, showing that agricultural business is very profitable, followed by Karangtejo Village (1,63) and Plumbon (0,82). This result shows that the success of eggplant cultivation is not only determined by soil fertility, but also greatly influenced by proper cultivation management practices.