In vitro effects and biochemical characteristics from nodal segments in Quercus variabilis | 栓皮栎茎段离体培养及生化特性研究

Chinese. 建立高效的栓皮栎器官再生植株体系。从陕西周至西楼关栓皮栎天然林中选择4株优良结实母株（30年生以上）并采种，以沙培育苗3~4个月的实生苗茎段及4株母株幼龄及成龄茎段为外植体，比较离体条件下不同来源、不同基因型茎段增殖能力和生根能力的差异,并探讨抗氧化酶活性与增殖和生根能力的关系。相同来源的不同基因型茎段增殖培养后，其增殖茎芽数量、最长芽长及增殖叶数量无显著差异；母株幼龄茎段增殖培养后，其增殖茎芽数量、最长芽长及增殖叶数量均高于实生苗茎段和母株成龄茎段，差异达显著水平（P0.05）；相同来源的不同基因型茎段生根培养后，其生根率和平均每株根数量无显著差异；母株幼龄茎段生根率和平均每株根数量高于实生苗茎段和母株成龄茎段，差异达显著水平（P0.05）；相同来源的不同基因型茎段在各培养阶段，抗氧化酶活性无显著差异；3个来源茎段抗氧化酶活性在第2次增殖培养后及生根培养后均高于增殖培养的其他阶段，差异达显著水平（P0.05）。母株幼龄茎段是建立栓皮栎器官高效再生植株体系最佳的外植体来源；抗氧化酶活性与增殖能力和生根能力有一定的关系。

English. The study was to provide a basis to establish an efficient organ regeneration system for Quercus variabilis. Selecting 4 strong Q. variabilis (30-years-old), seedlings of 3-4 months from sand cultured nodal segments of the 4 trees, juvenile and mature nodal segments from the 4 trees were used as sources of initial explants. In vitro effects from nodal segments of different orientation and clones on the ability of elongation and rooting were compared, also the relationship between antioxidant enzymes and the ability of elongation and rooting were discussed. No significant difference was found for the identical sources of nodal segments from different clones in axillary shoots number, length of tallest shoot and green leaves number were after the last elongation; The axillary shoots number, length of tallest shoot and green leaves number from juvenile nodal segment were more than those of seedlings and mature, which were significant (P0.05) after the last elongation; The identical sources of nodal segments from different clones in rooting rate and roots number per explant were not significantly different after rooting; Juvenile nodal segment in rooting rate and roots number per explant, which were significant (P0.05), were more than those of seedlings and mature rooting; The identical sources of nodal segments from different clones in antioxidant enzyme activities were not significantly different after the each stage; 3 sources of nodal segment in antioxidant enzyme activities were more than that of another elongation stages after the last elongation and rooting, which were all significant (P0.05). These results indicated that juvenile from the mother trees is the best orientation of expants for establishing an efficient organ regeneration system of cork oak (Q. variabilis); Certain relationship exists between antioxidant enzyme activity and the ability of proliferation and rooting.