HALOGENATED PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF NATURAL ORIGIN CONSTITUTE A RARE MINOR GROUP OF SUBSTANCES (A REVIEW) | HALOGENATED PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF NATURAL ORIGIN CONSTITUTE A RARE MINOR GROUP OF SUBSTANCES (A REVIEW)

Russian. The composition of primary and secondary metabolites of natural origin raw materials includes major and minor compounds. Halogenated phenolic compounds are considered rare minor compounds found in natural entities. This review provides a summary of currently known halogenated phenolic compounds of natural origin. Until the 1970s, only a few substances had been isolated and their structures determined from bacteria, fungi, and marine algae. By now, information exists on several dozen halogenated flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chromones, and depsides, isolated from bees, bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens of the genera Lecanora, Punctelia, as well as representatives of higher plants (from families Thymelaecae, Rutaceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Moringaceae, and two species of the Equisetum L. genus). Only 17 substances have been isolated and identified from higher plants. The main substituents in halogenated compounds are chlorine, and less frequently bromine and fluorine. Several studies have shown that the presence of halogens in a molecule significantly enhances biological activity. For most halogenated compounds, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities have been established. Some substances exhibit anxiolytic, neuroleptic, and cardioprotective properties, which is of practical interest for developing medications for the treatment and prevention of socially significant diseases.

English. The composition of primary and secondary metabolites of natural origin raw materials includes major and minor compounds. Halogenated phenolic compounds are considered rare minor compounds found in natural entities. This review provides a summary of currently known halogenated phenolic compounds of natural origin. Until the 1970s, only a few substances had been isolated and their structures determined from bacteria, fungi, and marine algae. By now, information exists on several dozen halogenated flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chromones, and depsides, isolated from bees, bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens of the genera Lecanora, Punctelia, as well as representatives of higher plants (from families Thymelaecae, Rutaceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Moringaceae, and two species of the Equisetum L. genus). Only 17 substances have been isolated and identified from higher plants. The main substituents in halogenated compounds are chlorine, and less frequently bromine and fluorine. Several studies have shown that the presence of halogens in a molecule significantly enhances biological activity. For most halogenated compounds, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities have been established. Some substances exhibit anxiolytic, neuroleptic, and cardioprotective properties, which is of practical interest for developing medications for the treatment and prevention of socially significant diseases.