FEATURES OF FILMY AND NAKED OAT VARIETIES WHEN CULTIVATED ON SODDY-PODZOLIC SOIL FERTILIZED WITH BIOLOGIZED CHICKEN MANURE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE UPPER VOLGA REGION
2023
Shchukin, N.N. | Okorkov, V.V. | Kabashov, A.D.
The introduction of biologized chicken manure (BCM, manure) in a dose of 120 t/ha into the infertile sod-podzolic soil in combination with intensive oat cultivation techniques helped to improve the cultivation of the soil from weak to elevated. With excess reserves of N-NO3 (251 kg/ha in a layer of 0-40 cm) in wet 2019 and low reserves of N-NO3 (83 kg/ha) in arid 2021 in the soil, the Yakov filmy variety (5.91 and 1.96 t/ha) stood out in yield. In the wet 2020, with relatively average reserves of N-NO3 (139 kg/ha), the Zalp variety was more productive. Among the naked varieties, Azil is the most productive: 4.58 t/ha – in 2019, 3.27 – in 2020 and 1.90 t/ha – in 2021. In arid conditions and low soil fertility in 2021, the yield differences between Azil and Yakov varieties were unreliable. The filminess of the Yakov and Zalp grain varieties was 23-26%, and the completeness of the exfoliation of the naked Nemchinovsky 61 and Azil varieties was 89-92%. Naked oats were distinguished by high protein content of grain (19.4-19.5%), medium (18.9%) – spring wheat and below average (16.1-16.4%) – filmy oats. Naked oats contained slightly more potassium (0.55-0.57%) than filmy oats (0.50-0.54%), but less phosphorus - in oats (1.05-1.29%) compared to wheat (1.35%). The nitrate content in the grain of oats grown against the background of the 2nd year of the aftereffect of BCM varied from 24.3 to 35.8 mg/kg, which is lower than the MPC of nitrates for grain fodder - 300 mg/kg.
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