Valorization of Wild-Type Cannabis indica by Supercritical CO2 Extraction and Insights into the Utilization of Raffinate Biomass
2022
Falguni Pattnaik | Nidhi Hans | Biswa R. Patra | Sonil Nanda | Vivek Kumar | Satya Narayan Naik | Ajay K. Dalai
Supercritical CO2 extraction (SCCO2) extraction of cannabis oil from Indian cannabis (Cannabis indica) leaves was optimized through a central composite design using CO2 pressure (150&ndash:250 bar), temperature (30&ndash:50 °:C) and time (1&ndash:2 h). From the regression model, the optimal CO2 pressure, extraction temperature and time were 250 bar, 43 °:C and 1.7 h, respectively resulting in the experimental yield of 4.9 wt% of cannabis oil via SCCO2 extraction. The extract contained cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabivarin, &Delta:9-tetrahydrocannabinol and &Delta:8-tetrahydrocannabinol as well as two terpenoids such as cis-caryophyllene and &alpha:-humulene. Besides SCCO2 extraction of cannabis oil, the raffinate biomass was utilized to extract polyphenols using water as the extraction medium. Cannabis oil and water extractive were investigated for their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, which were found to be 1.3 and 0.6 mg/mL, respectively. This is comparable to the commercially available antioxidant such as butylated hydroxytoluene with an IC50 value of 0.5 mg/mL. This work on SCCO2 extraction of cannabinoids and other valuable bioactive compounds provides an environmentally sustainable technique to valorize cannabis leaves.
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