Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Enhances Performance and Speeds Muscle Deoxyhaemoglobin Kinetics during an End-Sprint after Prolonged Moderate-Intensity Exercise

Short-term dietary nitrate (NO3&minus:) supplementation has the potential to enhance performance during submaximal endurance, and short-duration, maximal-intensity exercise. However, it has yet to be determined whether NO3&minus: supplementation before and during submaximal endurance exercise can improve performance during a short-duration, maximal-intensity end-sprint. In a randomised, double-blind, crossover study, 9 recreationally active men ingested NO3&minus:-rich (BR: 8 mmol NO3&minus:/day) and NO3&minus:-depleted (PL: 0.75 mmol NO3&minus:/day) beetroot powder for 7 days. On day 7, participants completed 2 h of moderate-intensity cycling, which immediately transitioned into a 60 s maximal-intensity end-sprint, with supplements ingested 2 h before and 1 h into the moderate-intensity exercise bout. Plasma [NO3&minus:] and [NO2&minus:] were higher in BR compared to PL pre- and post-exercise (p &lt: 0.05). Post-exercise plasma [NO3&minus:] was higher than pre-exercise (562 &plusmn: 89 &micro:M vs. 300 &plusmn: 73 &micro:M: p &lt: 0.05) and plasma [NO2&minus:] was not significantly different pre- (280 &plusmn: 58 nM) and post-exercise (228 &plusmn: 63 nM) in the BR condition (p &gt: 0.05). Mean power output during the final 30 s of the end-sprint was greater after BR (390 &plusmn: 38 W) compared to PL (365 &plusmn: 41 W: p &lt: 0.05). There were no differences between BR and PL in any muscle oxygenation variables during moderate-intensity cycling (p &gt: 0.05), but muscle [deoxyhaemoglobin] kinetics was faster during the end-sprint in BR (6.5 &plusmn: 1.4 s) compared to PL (7.3 &plusmn: 1.4 s: p &lt: 0.05). These findings suggest that NO3&minus: supplementation has the potential to improve end-sprint performance in endurance events when ingested prior to and during exercise.