Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Vitamin D Association in the Overweight and Obese Pediatric Population
2023
Giovina Di Felice | Annamaria D’Alessandro | Anna Pastore | Michela Mariani | Danilo Fintini | Alessia Aureli | Simona Pezzi | Anna Lisa Montemari | Beatrice Barbara Rocco | Andrea Borseti | Andrea Onetti Muda | Melania Manco | Ottavia Porzio
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity have been described by the World Health Organization as noncommunicable diseases and among the greatest public health threats since they have reached epidemic proportions. A child with obesity risks becoming an adult with obesity and developing metabolic and hemostatic disorders which are the basis for the development of coronary heart diseases. Recently, a number of clinical reports have demonstrated that both an increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and a deficiency in 25OH-vitamin D3 (VD) are associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes. Methods: PAI-1 and VD levels were measured in 259 clinically overweight and obese children aged between 2 and 18 years enrolled in the Nutritional Education Program of the Bambino Gesù: Children&rsquo:s Hospital and Research Institute of Rome (Italy) and 80 normal-weight subjects. Results: We observed increased HOMA-IR, PAI-1, and other inflammation indices associated with decreased VD levels when compared to normal-weight children. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that overweight and obesity are correlated with higher levels of the inflammation index. Moreover, our patients show high PAI-1 and low VD levels, confirming the high thrombotic risk in our pediatric population.
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