Occupational Exposures, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Tomographic Findings in the Spanish Population
2024
Eduardo Loeb | Jan-Paul Zock | Marc Miravitlles | Esther Rodríguez | Hans Kromhout | Roel Vermeulen | Juan José Soler-Cataluña | Joan B. Soriano | Francisco García-Río | Pilar de Lucas | Inmaculada Alfageme | Ciro Casanova | José Rodríguez González-Moro | Julio Ancochea | Borja G. Cosío | Jaume Ferrer Sancho
Self-reported occupational exposure was previously associated with COPD in the Spanish population. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between occupational exposure to various chemical and biological agents, COPD, emphysema, and the bronchial wall area, which was determined by lung computed tomography (CT) in 226 individuals with COPD and 300 individuals without COPD. Lifetime occupational exposures were assessed using the ALOHA(+) job exposure matrix, and CT and spirometry were also performed. COPD was associated with high exposure to vapours, gases, dust and fumes (VGDF) (OR 2.25 95% CI 1.19&ndash:4.22), biological dust (OR 3.01 95% CI 1.22&ndash:7.45), gases/fumes (OR 2.49 95% CI 1.20&ndash:5.17) and with exposure to various types of solvents. High exposure to gases/fumes, chlorinated solvents and metals (coefficient 8.65 95% CI 1.21&ndash:16.09, 11.91 95%CI 0.46- 23.36, 14.45 95% CI 4.42&ndash:24.49, respectively) and low exposure to aromatic solvents (coefficient 8.43 95% CI 1.16&ndash:15.70) were associated with a low 15th percentile of lung density indicating emphysema. We conclude that occupational exposure to several specific agents is associated with COPD and emphysema in the Spanish population.
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