Luteolin Alleviates Inflammation Induced by Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Attenuating NF-κB and MAPK Activation
2025
Yingfang Guo | Jinxin Zhang | Ting Yuan | Cheng Yang | Qingqing Zhou | Aftab Shaukat | Ganzhen Deng | Xiaoyan Wang
The internalization of S. :aureus in bMECs is a major pathogenic mechanism leading to mastitis, causing significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Numerous plants contain Lut, a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, little is known about Lut&rsquo:s ability to reduce inflammation caused by S. aureus in bMECs. This research aimed to evaluate the mechanism by which Lut reduces S. :aureus-induced inflammation in bMECs. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, researchers analyzed the differentially expressed genes in bMECs infected with S. :aureus in NCBI GEO (GSE139612) and also analyzed the targets of Lut predicted by various online platforms. These studies identified two overlapping signaling pathways, the NF-&kappa:B and the MAPK pathways. We stimulated bMECs with S. :aureus for two hours and then added Lut for ten hours, with a total duration of twelve hours. The expression levels of TLR2-MyD88-TRAF6 components, inflammatory cytokines, and protein phosphorylation associated with the MAPK and NF-&kappa:B signaling pathways were then assessed. Based on all of the results, Lut inhibited the generation of inflammatory cytokines in bMECs that were induced by S. :aureus through the TLR2, NF-&kappa:B, and MAPK signaling pathways. This process might account for the anti-inflammatory properties of Lut.
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