CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF SOME RUTACEOUS PLANTS AND MARINE RED AND BROWN ALGAE OF ARABIAN SEA

The work embodied in this dissertation is mainly concerned with the isolation and characterization of new chemical constituents from terrestrial and marine plants (Seaweed) their possible biological studies. The isolated compounds were either new or previously been reported in the literature from other sources. They were characterized via various sophisticated spectroscopic techniques available at this institution. The dissertation is split into two parts:Rutaceous Plants Marine Red and Brown Algae.Part-A is further divided into three chapters: The first chapter is a general article describing the uses of medicinal plants, current situation of medicinal plants in Pakistan, already known natural drug from various sources and steps involved in the discovery of new drugs. The same chapter specifically highlights carious 2D-NMR techniques with protocol for molecular characterization as most of the compounds described in this dissertation were elucidated with the aid of such techniques. The second chapter entitled “ Haplophyllum acutifolium DC” describing the chemical analysis of the titled plant belonging to the family Rutaceae. As a result of this analysis, two new alkaloids(haplophytin-A and B) have been isolated, purified and characterized spectroscopically including 2D-NMR. The third chapter entitled “Aegie mormelos Correa” shows the isolation and characterization of a new geranyloxycoumumarin “marmenol” obtained from titled plants of the same family. In addition to marmenol, seven more constituents (aromatic acids, alkaloids and coumarins) were obtained for the first time from this source. Part-B is also divided into three chapters: The first chapter of Part-B “Seaweed” is a journal article which gives an introduction, history, classification, economic aspects, use in medicine and industrial applications of marine algae. The fifth and second last chapter entitled Dictyoya dichotoma(Huds.) Lamour is based on isolation and characterization of four new diterpenodis of dolastane (dischototetraol & dichotopentaol) and seco-dolastane (dichotone & dichotodione) skeletal along with two known constituents(as a new source) of the same carbon backbone. The final chapter (sixth) entitled Coelarthrum muelleri(Sonder) Boergesen and Botryociadia leptopoda (J. Agardh) Kylin is based on the chemistry of two red algae. From Coelarthrum muelleri an enol-derivative of N-acylsphingosine and from Botryocladia leptopoda two glucose derivatives( botryenal & botryenol) have been again elucidated by obtained. Their structures were again elucidated by means of 2D-NMR techniques.