Site-specific nutrient management: a plant based approach for developing fertilizer recommendations for rice
2004
Pampolino, M.F. | Buresh, R. | Witt, C. | Balasubramanian, V.,International Rice Research Inst., DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila (Philippines)
Site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) provides an approach for 'feeding' rice with nutrients as and when they are needed. Efficient and profitable use of fertilizers requires site-specific approaches including good guidelines and tools so that farmers can determine when and how much nutrients to apply to their rice fields in a specific season and location. SSNM provides tools and strategies to determine nutrient rates that meet crop needs under actual growing conditions at different locations. It advocates the optimal use of existing indigenous nutrient sources such as crops residues and manures. Then it promotes efficient N fertilizer application through the use of leaf color chart. Farmers determine the crops' need for P and K by measuring rice yield in nutrient-omission plots. Researchers in Asia compared SSNM with farmers' fertilizer practices in more than 200 farmers' field in China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. SSNM typically increased grain yields and farmers' profit. The SSNM approach is now being evaluated and promoted throughout Asia through partnerships with national agricultural and extension systems. This approach provides regional principles that accommodate the use of organic inputs, increase fertilizer use efficiency while protecting the environment, and can be considered for use with other crops in addition to rice.
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