Phenology and yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) at different planting patterns
2009
Mirshekari, B. | Faridi, F
Fennel(Foeniculum vulgare L.) is a plant from Apiaceae family, and its essential oil is used for soothing, cleansing and toning effects on the skin, while at the same time improving circulation and fighting water retention and puffiness. Effects of different planting patterns on phenology and yield of fennel was evaluated at Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2007. Studied factors were arranged row spacing (80, 90, 100 cm) and intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15, 20 cm). The treatments were arranged factorially based on randomized complete block design in three replications, seed essence was extracted by steam water distillation method. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C software and means were compared with DUNCAN'S multiple range test. Results revealed that plant phenology were delayed, when density increased, and time to 50% flowering stage and harvesting time in planting pattern of 80x5 cm happened 5 and 11 days later than 100x20 cm, respectively. Number of umbrellas per plant was influenced by plant spacings, and was greater in 90 cm row spacing treatments. Thousand seed weight increased in space treatments, that was expected. Seed yield of fennel ranged from 989 Kg/ha (14% reduction), which was related to higher side branches per plant of fennel, with increasing of intra-row spacing. Essence yield of fennel growers in region with planting pattern of 90x20 cm planting pattern. It is recommended for fennel growers in the region with planting patterns of 90x20 cm to obtain higher grain and essence yield.
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