B cell receptor signatures associated with strong and poor SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses
2022
Ke Lin | Yawen Zhou | Jingwen Ai | Yan A. Wang | Senxin Zhang | Chao Qiu | Chaoyang Lian | Bo Gao | Tingting Liu | Hongyu Wang | Haocheng Zhang | Yi Zhang | Zhangfan Fu | Dan Li | Ning Jiang | Jingxin Guo | Jing Wu | Yan O. Wang | Shusen Song | Qiang Li | Yanan Yin | Jia Xia | Yingjie Xu | Leng-Siew Yeap | Xiaoqi Zheng | Ye Gu | Hongyan Liu | Wenhong Zhang | Fei-Long Meng
Breakthrough infection of SARS-CoV-2 is a serious challenge, as increased infections were documented in fully-vaccinated individuals. Recipients with poor antibody response are highly vulnerable to reinfection, whereas those with strong antibody responses achieve sterilizing immunity. Thus far, biomarkers associated with levels of vaccine-elicited antibody response are still lacking. Here, we studied the antibody response of age- and gender-controlled healthy cohort, who received inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and profiled the B cell receptor repertoires in longitudinally consecutive samples. Upon vaccination, all vaccinated individuals displayed a convergent antibody response with shared common antibody clones and public neutralizing antibodies. Strikingly, poor vaccine-responders are distinguishable from strong vaccine-responders by a biased V-usage before vaccination and IgG to IgM mRNA ratio. These findings reveal molecular signatures associated with the different levels of vaccine-induced antibody response, which could be further developed into biomarkers for the design of vaccination strategies.
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