AFFECTIVE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS IN COLOPROCTOLOGY (SCIENTIFIC REVIEW)

Purpose: To provide the reader with a detailed overview of the prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders in coloproctology, as well as prevalence of comorbid coloproctology diseases in psychiatry (like constipation in depression), to present modern hypotheses about mechanisms of such bidirectional connection, and to describe how psychotropic medications can be useful in coloproctology and how traditional coloproctology drugs and treatment methods (probiotics, aminosalicylates, anticytokines, fecal microbiota transplantation) can be useful in psychiatry.Methodology: We have searched the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines for relevant terms to find articles on the link of the coloproctology diseases with depressive and anxiety states and vice versa. Then we have searched PubMed and Google Scholar for literature on antidepressants in coloproctology and on probiotics, anticytokines, fecal microbiota transplantation and antiinflammatory agents in psychiatry.Results: The data obtained by us indicate a close two-way link between depressive and anxiety states and a number of coloproctologic diseases, and with the function of the large intestine in general. The results also indicate a great potential for antidepressants in coloproctology and for probiotics and anticytokines and fecal microbiota transplantation in psychiatry. There is also a great need to improve diagnostics and treatment of comorbidity in both directions: comorbid coloproctology diseases in psychiatry and comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders in coloproctology.Practical implications: The data obtained by us deserve the widest application both in coloproctology and in psychiatry.