Features of glucose metabolism in acromegaly depending on the type of treatment

Aim of the study was to investigate the features of glucose metabolism in patients with acromegaly depending on treatment. Materials and methods: 63 patients with acromegaly: 29 patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly, 25 patients receiving somatostatin analogs (SSA) therapy and 9 patients underwent surgical treatment. Patients with earlier revealed diabetes mellitus (DM) were not included. The characterization of glucose metabolism was carried out by means of an assessment of fasting insulin plasma levels (FIP) and indexes of an insulinresistance (IR) HOMA-R and an insulinsensivity (IS) MATSUDA. Results: In patients receiving SSA therapy the carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) were revealed in 92%, among newly diagnosed acromegalic patients – in 62% and in patients after surgical treatment in 33% of cases. In newly diagnosed acromegalic patients index MATSUDA was 3,5 times lower than in patients receiving SSA therapy, and 4 times lower than in patients after surgical treatment ((р=0,001). НОМА-R in newly diagnosed acromegalic patients was 3,7 times higher than in other groups, p=0,003 and the level of FIP was 4,3 times higher than in patients receiving SSA therapy and 2,9 times higher than in patients after surgical treatment (р=0,001). The index MATSUDA in newly diagnosed acromegalic patients with early CMD was 2,9 times lower, р=0,006, НОМА-R – 2,5 times higher, р=0,025 and FIP 2,4 times higher, р=0,039 than in patients with early CMDs without acromegaly. Conclusions: In patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly in the absence of CMDs increase in IR is compensated by hyperinsulinemia. In patients, receiving SSA therapy the IR decreases, however suppression of secretion of insulin leads to increase in percentage of DM in this group. After surgical treatment IR decreases against higher level of fasting plasma insulin that leads to normalization of carbohydrate metabolism. Keywords: Acromegaly, secondary diabetes mellitus, insulinresistance, MATSUDA, HOMA-R.