Nanostructured Na<sub>2</sub>CaP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>: A New and Efficient Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Amino-3-Cyanopyridine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity
2022
Redouane Achagar | Abdelhakim Elmakssoudi | Abderrahmane Thoume | Mohamed Dakir | Abdelaziz Elamrani | Yassine Zouheir | Mohamed Zahouily | Zouhair Ait-Touchente | Jamal Jamaleddine | Mohamed M. Chehimi
A facile and novel synthesis of thirteen 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives 5(a–m) by a one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) is described for the first time, starting from aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, methyl ketones, or cyclohexanone and ammonium acetate in the presence of the nanostructured diphosphate Na<sub>2</sub>CaP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (DIPH) at 80 °C under solvent-free conditions. These compounds were brought into existence in a short period with good to outstanding yields (84–94%). The diphosphate Na<sub>2</sub>CaP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> was synthesized and characterized by different techniques (FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM) and used as an efficient, environmentally friendly, easy-to-handle, harmless, secure, and reusable catalyst. Our study was strengthened by combining five new pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 6(b, c, g, h, j) by intermolecular cyclization of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines 5(b, c, g, h, j) with formamide. The synthesized products were characterized by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C NMR and by comparing measured melting points with known values reported in the literature. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to characterize the newly synthesized products and evaluate their purity. The operating conditions were optimized using a model reaction in which the catalyst amount, temperature, time, and solvent effect were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was tested against approved Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains for previously mentioned compounds.
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