Distinct biological ages of organs and systems identified from a multi-omics study
2022
Chao Nie | Yan Li | Rui Li | Yizhen Yan | Detao Zhang | Tao Li | Zhiming Li | Yuzhe Sun | Hefu Zhen | Jiahong Ding | Ziyun Wan | Jianping Gong | Yanfang Shi | Zhibo Huang | Yiran Wu | Kaiye Cai | Yang Zong | Zhen Wang | Rong Wang | Min Jian | Xin Jin | Jian Wang | Huanming Yang | Jing-Dong J. Han | Xiuqing Zhang | Claudio Franceschi | Brian K. Kennedy | Xun Xu
Summary: Biological age (BA) has been proposed to evaluate the aging status instead of chronological age (CA). Our study shows evidence that there might be multiple “clocks” within the whole-body system: systemic aging drivers/clocks overlaid with organ/tissue-specific counterparts. We utilize multi-omics data, including clinical tests, immune repertoire, targeted metabolomic molecules, gut microbiomes, physical fitness examinations, and facial skin examinations, to estimate the BA of different organs (e.g., liver, kidney) and systems (immune and metabolic system). The aging rates of organs/systems are diverse. People’s aging patterns are different. We also demonstrate several applications of organs/systems BA in two independent datasets. Mortality predictions are compared among organs' BA in the dataset of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Polygenic risk score of BAs constructed in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey cohort can predict the possibility of becoming centenarian.
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