An Analytical–Experimental Approach to Quantifying the Effects of Static Magnetic Fields for Cell Culture Applications

This work aimed to study the effects of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on cell cultures. A glass flask was filled with a liquid medium, which was surrounded by permanent magnets. Air was introduced through a tube to inject bubbles. Two magnet configurations, north and south, were used as perturbation. Scenedesmus obliquus and Nannochloropsis gaditana, growing in Medium 1 and 2, were subjected to the bubbly flow and SMFs. Differences between media were mainly due to conductivity (0.09 S/m for Medium 1 and 4.3 S/m for Medium 2). Joule dissipation (<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mi>P</mi> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>) increased with the magnetic flux density (<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>), being 4 orders of magnitude higher in Medium 2 than in 1. Conversely, the time constant (<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&#964;</mi> <mi>P</mi> </msub> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>) depended on <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>, being nearly constant for Medium 1 and decreasing at 449 s/T for Medium 2. Dissipation occurred with the same <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&#964;</mi> <mi>P</mi> </msub> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula> (235 s) in Medium 1 and 2 at <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.5</mn> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula> T. In Species 1, the SMF effect was inhibitory. For Species 2, a higher enzymatic activity was observed. For superoxide dismutase, the relative difference was 78% with the north and 115% with the south configuration compared to the control values. For the catalase, differences of 29% with the north and 23% with the south configuration compared to control condition were obtained.