Antimicrobial Activity of Diffusible and Volatile Metabolites Emitted by <i>Beauveria bassiana</i>: Chemical Profile of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Using SPME-GC/MS Analysis
2023
Ippolito Camele | Sadeek A. Sadeek | Rocco Racioppi | Hazem S. Elshafie
The genus <i>Beauveria</i> includes important entomopathogenic and endophytic fungi; among them, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> is the most studied species. However, there is little knowledge regarding their antimicrobial activity. The current research has been conducted to evaluate the in vitro antagonistic activity of <i>B. bassiana</i> and the antimicrobial efficacy of its <i>Exo</i> and <i>Endo</i> metabolites against <i>Bacillus cereus, B. megaterium, Clavibacter michiganensis</i> (Gram positive bacteria, G+ve), <i>Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>P. fluorescence</i> (Gram negative bacteria, G−ve). In addition, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to qualitatively measure the volatile organic compounds’ (VOCs) metabolic profile of the most efficient studied isolate of <i>B. bassiana</i>. The obtained results showed that the isolate UniB2439-3 has a promising antibacterial effect against most of the studied target bacteria. An SPME-GC/MS analysis of VOCs revealed the presence of ethanol, butanal,2-methyl, 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene, octane, 4-methyl and β-elemene as the dominant bioactive compounds. The results demonstrated that the efficient isolate of <i>B. bassiana</i> can be potentially used as a biocontrol agent against several bacteria, especially G+ve ones.
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