Plant beneficial traits of endophytic bacteria associated with fennel (<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill.)
2024
Vyacheslav Shurigin | Li Li | Burak Alaylar | Dilfuza Egamberdieva | Yong-Hong Liu | Wen-Jun Li
In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis to describe the diversity of cultivable endophytic bacteria associated with fennel (<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill.) and determined their plant-beneficial traits. The bacterial isolates from the roots of fennel belonged to four phyla: <i>Firmicutes</i> (BRN1 and BRN3), <i>Proteobacteria</i> (BRN5, BRN6, and BRN7), <i>Gammaproteobacteria</i> (BRN2), and <i>Actinobacteria</i> (BRN4). The bacterial isolates from the shoot of fennel represented the phyla <i>Proteobacteria</i> (BSN1, BSN2, BSN3, BSN5, BSN6, BSN7, and BSN8), <i>Firmicutes</i> (BSN4, BRN1, and BRN3), and <i>Actinobacteria</i> (BRN4). The bacterial species <i>Bacillus megaterium</i>, <i>Bacillus aryabhattai</i>, and <i>Brevibacterium frigoritolerans</i> were found both in the roots and shoots of fennel. The bacterial isolates were found to produce siderophores, HCN, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), as well as hydrolytic enzymes such as chitinase, protease, glucanase, and lipase. Seven bacterial isolates showed antagonistic activity against <i>Fusarium culmorum</i>, <i>Fusarium solani</i>, and <i>Rhizoctonia. solani</i>. Our findings show that medicinal plants with antibacterial activity may serve as a source for the selection of microorganisms that exhibit antagonistic activity against plant fungal infections and may be considered as a viable option for the management of fungal diseases. They can also serve as an active part of biopreparation, improving plant growth.
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