Effects of <i>TaMTL</i>-Edited Mutations on Grain Phenotype and Storage Component Composition in Wheat
2022
Huali Tang | Shuangxi Zhang | Mei Yu | Ke Wang | Yang Yu | Yuliang Qiu | Yanan Chang | Zhishan Lin | Lipu Du | Daolin Fu | Zichao Li | Xingguo Ye
Wheat nutrition and processing-quality are primarily based on the endosperm ingredients. However, the effect of embryos on grain traits and components remains unclear. In this study, we found that in the cross-pollinated and self-pollinated progenies of the four wheat <i>mtl</i> mutants (<i>mtl</i>-<i>A</i>, <i>mtl</i>-<i>AD</i>, <i>mtl</i>-<i>BD</i>, and <i>mtl</i>-<i>ABD</i>) the haploid induction rates were 0–15.6% and 0–14.1%, and the embryo abortion rates were 0–27.4% and 0–24.1%, respectively, in which <i>mtl-A</i> had no effect on haploid induction and embryo development. The embryoless grains (ELG) were comparable to the normal grains (NG) from <i>mtl</i>-<i>AD</i>, <i>mtl</i>-<i>BD</i>, and <i>mtl</i>-<i>ABD</i> in grain length, grain width and thousand-kernel weight, but the grain traits were significantly less than those in NG from mutant <i>mtl-A</i>. During grain filling period, <i>mtl-ABD</i> had similar ELG ratio and amount of starch granule (SG) and protein body (PB) in ELG and NG. At maturity stage, the morphological features of A-type and B-type SG in ELG were similar to those in NG in <i>mtl</i> mutants; however, amylose, gliadin, and glutenin contents were higher in ELG, and total starch, albumin and globulin contents were higher in NG. Our results clarified the effect of the wheat <i>mtl</i> mutants on haploid induction and grain traits and nutrition composition in this crop, and provided new clues for studying the development of embryo and endosperm and their interaction in plants.
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