Fluopsin C: A Review of the Antimicrobial Activity against Phytopathogens
2022
Leandro Afonso | Matheus Felipe de Lima Andreata | Andreas Lazaros Chryssafidis | Stefani Fabiola Alarcon | Ana Paula das Neves | João Vittor Frossard Rodrigues da Silva | Gilmar da Silva Gonçalves | Leonardo Dib de Sousa Abussafi | Ane Stefano Simionato | Martha Viviana Torres Cely | Galdino Andrade
Fluopsin C (FlpC) is an organocupric secondary metabolite with low-molecular-weight, produced by some <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i> bacteria. The compound was identified in 1970 as prismatic dark-green crystals, with strong antimicrobial activity against several human and phytopathogens. Due to its high cytotoxicity, research on this compound decreased after the 1970s. During the early 2000s, FlpC gained more attention as a promising compound by which to develop new antimicrobials to control human, animal, and plant pathogens. This study provides an overview of the results pertaining to the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of pure FlpC, as well as semi-purified fractions containing FlpC, against phytopathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the bioprospection history of the extensively researched FlpC-producing <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> LV strain and the related molecular evidence regarding the compound’s biosynthesis are discussed. Overall, FlpC is proposed to be an important alternative to antimicrobial resistance in human and animal health, and in tackling the negative environmental impacts caused by the exacerbated use of pesticides against phytopathogens.
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