Present Situation of Globle Banana Production and Trade and Prospect for Banana Industry

Banana is an important economic crop and food crop in tropical and subtropical regions, and it is a fruit with the largest production, trade volume and trade value among the fresh fruits in the world. The sustainable development of banana industry is of great significance to promote the rural revitalization in China and even the agricultural economic development in the tropical areas of the world. The main banana producing and exporting countries are mainly concentrated in Asia and America. In 2020, the harvest area and production of bananas in the world were 5.2035 million hm2 and 119.8337 million tons respectively, which increased by 24.58% and 72.57% respectively compared to 2001. The main producing countries were India, China, Indonesia, Brazil and Ecuador. At present, there are about 200 countries or regions importing bananas in the world. In 2020, the import value and import quantity of bananas in the world were 23. 3761 million tons and 15.607 billion USD respectively, increasing by 71.42% and 165.06% respectively compared with 2001. The main importing countries were the United States, China, Russia, Germany and Finland. In 2020, the export volume and value of bananas in the world were 24.497 million tons and 13.356 billion USD respectively, increasing by 67.93% and 218.03% respectively compared with 2001. The main exporting countries were Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Colombia and the Philippines. China is the second largest banana producer and importer in the world. In 2020, the production and import volume of bananas were 11.8726 million tons and 1.8192 million tons respectively, accounting for 9.91% and 7.78% of the world respectively. According to the forecast of banana production and trade data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the banana production and trade volume in the world show a steady growth trend. And it is predicted that the banana production, import and export volume in the world will reach 159.6448 million tons, 31.0514 million tons and 32.1941 million tons respectively in 2030, increasing by 33.22%, 32.83% and 31.42% respectively compared with 2020. At the same time, the world banana industry is facing challenges such as global climate change, banana wilt and soil acidification in banana planting areas. Carrying out breeding cooperation of banana varieties with disease resistance, stress resistance and high yield, and strengthening joint research and development of green, high-quality and efficient banana production technology will contribute to the sustainable development of banana industry and promote the quality safety of bananas and food security in the world.