SEX CORD - STROMAL TUMOR: OVARIAN ADULT TYPE GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR - A CASE REPORT
2023
Milena Gulinac | Elena Gerakova | Angelina Mollova
Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are low grade indolent malignant neoplasm originating from granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles, accounting for approximately 10% of all sex cord stromal tumors of the ovary (1). Among the two distinct clinical and histological subtype, adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) are more common, 95% than the juvenile counterpart 5%. Adult GCT account for approximately 1% of all ovarian tumors and frequently occur in postmenopausal women with peak incidence between 50 to 55 years. AGCTs have low malignancy potential and rarely metastasize 5–30 years after the initial diagnosis. GCTs usually present with features of hyperestrogenism, which symptoms depend on the woman`s menstrual status (2). The most common symptoms include early puberty for affected young girls, an increase in abdomen size or irregularities of menstrual cycles in premenopausal women, and abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women. They are often diagnosed on the histopathological examination following surgery. The exact cause of granulosa cell tumors is unknown.
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