Selección de cepas nativas con actividad Quitino-Proteolítica de Bacillus sp. aisladas de suelos tropicales Selecting native

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #4d4d4d; font-family: AGaramondPro-SemiboldItalic; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-SemiboldItalic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">Bacillus sp</span></em><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #4d4d4d; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">. strains having chitinolytic and proteolytic activity which have been isolated from tropical soils</span></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Resumen: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;">El objetivo de este trabajo fue la selección de cepas nativas del género </span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Italic;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Bacillus </span></span></em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;">con actividad quitinolítica y proteolítica, en suelo tropical en la costa de Oaxaca, México. Se aislaron 150 cepas, de las cuales 22 fueron seleccionadas por presentar actividad quitinolítica y proteolítica. Dicha actividad se evaluó por la formación de halo de hidrólisis alrededor de la colonia en medios de cultivo suplementados con quitina coloidal al 5% y leche descremada al 1% respectivamente. Las cepas LUM B001, B003, B013, B015 y B065 presentaron mayor actividad quitinolítica y proteolítica, por lo que tienen el potencial para ser evaluadas en control biológico de hongos fitopatógenos. Se encontró al género </span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Italic;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Bacillus </span></span></em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;">distribuido en suelos cultivados y no cultivados, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas según el cultivo establecido (P<0,05), sin embargo se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,05) entre las zonas estudiadas, correspondiendo las menores recuperaciones de cepas a los terrenos del municipio de Tututepec, Oaxaca.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Palabras clave</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;">: método de hidrólisis; quitina coloidal; quitinasas; proteasas.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: AGaramondPro-Bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Abstract: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">This work was aimed at selecting native strains from the </span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Bacillus </span></span></em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">genus having chitinolytic and proteolytic activity from soil from the tropical coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. 150 strains were isolated, 22 of which were selected as they presented chitinolytic and proteolytic activity. Such activity was assessed by the formation of a hydrolysis halo around the colony in culture media supplemented with 5% colloidal chitin and 1% skimmed milk. The LUM B001, B003, B013, B015 and B065-chitin strains presented higher quitinolytic and proteolytic activity, thereby having the potential for being evaluated in the biological control of phytopathogenic fungi. The </span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Bacillus </span></span></em><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">genus was found in cultivated and uncultivated soils; no statistical differences were found according to established crop (p <0.05); however, significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the areas being studied regarding the smaller amount of strains collected from land in the municipality of Tututepec, Oaxaca. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond-Bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Key words</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">: Hydrolysis method; colloidal chitin; chitinases; proteases.</span></p>