Giant Sticks from Vietnam and China, with three new taxa including the second longest insect known to date (Phasmatodea, Phasmatidae, Clitumninae, Pharnaciini)

Two new species and one subspecies of Pharnaciini, belonging to two different genera, are described from Vietnam: one species and subspecies of <em>Phryganistria</em> Stål, 1875 and one species of <em>Phobaeticus</em> Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907. Two species currently attributed to the genus <em>Ramulus</em> Saussure, 1862, <em>Ramulus magnus</em> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907) and <em>R. chinensis</em> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907), are transferred to <em>Baculonistria</em> Hennemann &amp; Conle, 2008 comb. nov. <em>Phobaeticus longicornis</em> Bi &amp; Wang, 1998 and <em>Phobaeticus yuexiensis</em> Chen &amp; He, 1993 represent the male and female of <em>Baculonistria magnus</em> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907) syn. nov. A lectotype is designated for <em>Baculonistria chinensis</em> (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907). The genus <em>Baculonistria</em> now contains three species. <em>Nearchus bachmaensis</em> Ta &amp; Hoang, 2004 is transferred to <em>Phryganistria</em> and the new combination <em>Phryganistria bachmaensis</em> (Ta &amp; Hoang, 2004) comb. nov. is proposed. The species is redescribed and the authors’ attribution corrected, the egg is described and figured for the first time. <em>Phryganistria tamdaoensis</em> sp. nov. is described and figured from both sexes and the egg. Females of <em>P. tamdaoensis</em> sp. nov. are easily recognised by the conspicuously enlarged lanceolate cerci, a character previously unknown in this tribe. The distribution range of <em>Phryganistria heusii heusii</em> (Hennemann &amp; Conle, 1997) is extended to Tam Dao National Park. A new subspecies <em>Phryganistria heusii yentuensis</em> subsp. nov. is described from Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve from adult males and females and the eggs. Males can easily be distinguished from the nominal subspecies by their colouration. This huge subspecies represents the second longest insect recorded to date. A key to the species of the genus <em>Phryganistria</em> is provided. <em>Phobaeticus trui</em> sp. nov. is described from central Vietnam. It is the first species of <em>Phobaeticus</em> recorded from Vietnam. Adults of both sexes are illustrated.