Designing Solar Desalination System by Using Reverse Osmosis-Photovoltaic Method (Brackish Water of Sarband Village, Ardabil)
2019
Behnam Sami Hesar | Mahdi Zarghami | Reza Yegani | Mehran Sabahi
Water crisis is one of the most important challenges in the future of Iran. Most of the developing countries try to create a balance between their decreasing fresh water resources supply and increasing demand of the growing population. Water desalination technologies are one of the modern technologies in supplying fresh water and they can greatly reduce the water scarcity problems and improve the quality of life. However they generally require a great amount of energy. Using renewable energy sources to empower these technologies is an environmental friendly energy supply method. This research intended to design a solar desalination system that would be suitable for rural area in Ardabil Province, Iran, which can provide enough fresh water to meet the water demands. To this end, Reverse Osmosis - Photovoltaic method has been selected as the proposed method for water desalination. Two WAVE and PVsyst software have been used to model and analyze the Reverse Osmosis and Photovoltaic energy supplying system, respectively. The results showed that TDS measure before and after of desalination were 2117 and 177.86 mg/l, respectively, which lies within the accepted standard ranges. The results for photovoltaic system design showed that in order to produce enough energy for the desalination system, a photovoltaic system with a power of 9.5 kW is needed. It seems that by using of these systems solar desalination plants produce fresh water and decrease the by-products like brine and greenhouse gas. Moreover, it reduces the demand on the power distribution network.
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