In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of <i>Thymus vulgaris</i>, <i>Origanum vulgare</i>, <i>Satureja montana</i> and Their Mixture against Clinical Isolates Responsible for Canine Otitis Externa
2023
Valentina Virginia Ebani | Ylenia Pieracci | Giulia Cagnoli | Fabrizio Bertelloni | Chiara Munafò | Simona Nardoni | Luisa Pistelli | Francesca Mancianti
Otitis externa is a frequent inflammation among dogs, mainly caused by bacteria and yeasts that are often resistant to conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of commercial essential oils (EOs) from <i>Origanum vulgare, Satureja montana,</i> and <i>Thymus vulgaris,</i> as well as a mixture of these three components, against 47 clinical bacterial strains (<i>Staphylococcus</i> sp., <i>Streptococcus</i> sp., <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Serratia marcescens</i>) and 5 <i>Malassezia pachydermatis</i> strains, previously cultured from the ears of dogs affected by otitis externa. The tested Gram-positive bacteria were sensible to the analysed EOs with MICs ranging from 1.25% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) to <0.0195% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>); Gram-negative isolates, mainly <i>P. aeruginosa,</i> were less sensitive with MICs from >10% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) to 0.039% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). <i>M. pachydermatis</i> isolates were sensitive to all EOs with MICs from 4.25% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) to 2% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). However, the mixture was active against all bacterial (except one <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strain) and fungal tested isolates. The three EOs and their mixture seem to be an interesting alternative for treating canine otitis externa when conventional antimicrobials are not active.
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